ellen
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English elne, ellen, from Old English ellen (“zeal, strength, power, vigor, valor, courage, fortitude, strife, contention”), from Proto-West Germanic *alljan, from Proto-Germanic *aljaną (“zeal, power, courage”). Cognate with Middle High German ellen (“strength, manhood”), Middle Low German ellen (“strength, power, courage, vigor, bravery”), Icelandic elja (“endurance, energy”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ellen (uncountable)
Danish edit
Noun edit
ellen c
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio: (file)
Noun edit
ellen
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Univerbation of ellä (“if”) (dialectal) + en
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
ellen
Synonyms edit
See also edit
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Lexicalization of el-, ele- (stem variants of elő-) + -n (locative suffix). Since the language reform, it is also used as a verbal prefix (see ellen-). As the first part of compound words it is mostly patterned after Latin contra (“against”) and German gegen (“against”).[1]
Postposition edit
ellen
Usage notes edit
This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed with ellen-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g. meg tudták volna nézni (“they could have seen it”, from megnéz). For verbs with this prefix, see ellen-; for an overview, Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.
Derived terms edit
- ellenajánlat
- ellenakció
- ellenanya
- ellenanyag
- ellenállás
- ellenbizonyítás, ellenbizonyíték
- ellencsel
- ellendarab
- ellenérték
- ellenérv
- ellenérzés
- ellenfél
- ellenfény
- ellenforradalmár, ellenforradalom
- ellengőz
- ellenhad
- ellenhatás
- ellenindítvány
- ellenintézkedés
- ellenirat
- ellenirány
- ellenjavallat, ellenjavaslat
- ellenjelölt
- ellenkirály
- ellenkormány
- ellenlábas
- ellenlépés
- ellenméreg
- ellennyugta
- ellenőr
- ellenpápa
- ellenpár
- ellenpárt
- ellenpont
- ellenpróba
- ellenreformáció
- ellensúly
- ellenszavazat
- ellenszámla
- ellenszenv, ellenszenves
- ellenszer
- ellenszél
- ellenszolgáltatás
- ellentábor
- ellentámadás
- ellentengernagy
- ellentét, ellentétel
- ellentüntetés
- ellenvád
- ellenversszak
- ellenvetés
- ellenvélemény
- ellenvonat
Etymology 2 edit
Back-formation from ellenség.[2]
Noun edit
ellen (plural ellenek)
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | ellen | ellenek |
accusative | ellent | elleneket |
dative | ellennek | elleneknek |
instrumental | ellennel | ellenekkel |
causal-final | ellenért | ellenekért |
translative | ellenné | ellenekké |
terminative | ellenig | ellenekig |
essive-formal | ellenként | ellenekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | ellenben | ellenekben |
superessive | ellenen | elleneken |
adessive | ellennél | elleneknél |
illative | ellenbe | ellenekbe |
sublative | ellenre | ellenekre |
allative | ellenhez | ellenekhez |
elative | ellenből | ellenekből |
delative | ellenről | ellenekről |
ablative | ellentől | ellenektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
ellené | elleneké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ellenéi | ellenekéi |
Possessive forms of ellen | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | ellenem | elleneim |
2nd person sing. | ellened | elleneid |
3rd person sing. | ellene | ellenei |
1st person plural | ellenünk | elleneink |
2nd person plural | ellenetek | elleneitek |
3rd person plural | ellenük | elleneik |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ ellen in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ ellen in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading edit
- (against): ellen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ([archaic] enemy): ellen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ellen in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Luxembourgish edit
Etymology edit
From Old High German elilenti. Compare German elend.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
ellen (masculine ellenen, neuter ellent, comparative méi ellen, superlative am ellensten)
Declension edit
number and gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | hien ass ellen | si ass ellen | et ass ellen | si si(nn) ellen | |
nominative / accusative |
attributive and/or after determiner | ellenen | ellen | ellent | ellen |
independent without determiner | ellenes | ellener | |||
dative | after any declined word | ellenen | ellener | ellenen | ellenen |
as first declined word | ellenem | ellenem |
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old English eln.
Noun edit
ellen
- Alternative form of elne (“ell”)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old English ellen.
Noun edit
ellen
- Alternative form of elne (“power”)
Northern Sami edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ēllen
Old English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-West Germanic *alljan. Cognate with Old Saxon ellan, Old High German ellan, Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan), Old Norse eljan (Icelandic elja).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ellen n or m
Declension edit
when neuter (as always in poetry):
when masculine:
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Adjective edit
ellen
- (relational) elder tree, elder wood
Declension edit
Noun edit
ellen n (nominative plural ellen)
Declension edit
Descendants edit
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛlən
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English terms with obsolete senses
- en:Theology
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish noun forms
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch noun forms
- Finnish univerbations
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/elːen
- Rhymes:Finnish/elːen/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish conjunctions
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛn
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛn/2 syllables
- Hungarian lexicalizations
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian postpositions
- Hungarian back-formations
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian literary terms
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with noun and postposition etymologies
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish 2-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish adjectives
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 2-syllable words
- Northern Sami non-lemma forms
- Northern Sami verb forms
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
- Old English masculine nouns
- Old English nouns with multiple genders
- Old English neuter a-stem nouns
- Old English masculine a-stem nouns
- Old English adjectives
- Old English relational adjectives