enech
Old Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From a compound of *h₁én (“in”) and *h₃ekʷ- (“eye”).[1] The Proto-Celtic noun is usually reconstructed as *enīkʷom, but Matasović departs from the norm to reconstruct *enekʷom instead, leaving the raising in the dative inchaib unexplained.
Oddly, the n seems to be unpalatalized in the Milan glosses, even though its palatalisation is both expected and more amply attested elsewhere.
Noun edit
enech n pl (genitive enech)
- face
- c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 48
- Fo·cresa saile – gním col – i n-einech in dúilemon.
- Spittles were cast – deed of sins – in the face of the creator.
- c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 48
- front
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 100b2
- tarsainniu .i. ní [i]na n-enech ro·bitha, acht is inna ndrummai.
- opposing, i.e. it is not in their faces that they had been wounded, but it is in their backs.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 100b2
- honour, dignity
Inflection edit
| Neuter o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | — | — | enechL |
| Vocative | — | — | enechL |
| Accusative | — | — | enechL |
| Genitive | — | — | enechN |
| Dative | — | — | inchaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| enech | unchanged | n-enech |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*enekʷo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 115-116
Further reading edit
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 enech, ainech”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language