lek
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Germanic roots meaning "play". In the biology sense, it comes specifically from Swedish lek (“child's play”), by means of Swedish leka (“to play”). The verb is first attested in English in 1871 and the noun at least as early as 1867.
Noun edit
lek (plural leks)
- (biology) An aggregation of male animals for the purposes of courtship and display.
- 1975, Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, figure caption, 2000, page 333,
- Each of the three displaying cocks occupies a small territory at the mating center of the lek.
- 2007, Kentwood D. Wells, The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians, page 352:
- Nevertheless, it does appear that many of the processes of mate choice and sexual selection described for bird and mammal leks also apply to anuran choruses.
- 1975, Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, figure caption, 2000, page 333,
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
Verb edit
lek (third-person singular simple present leks, present participle lekking, simple past and past participle lekked)
- (biology, intransitive) To take part in the courtship and display behaviour of a lek.
- 1994, M. B. Andersson, Sexual Selection, page 164:
- Males in many lekking species have conspicuous morphological ornaments that may be targets of female choice, but male contest competition may also be involved.
- 2000, George Barlow, The Cichlid Fishes: Nature's Grand Experiment In Evolution, page 79:
- The second reason lekking is so fascinating is because the males aggregate.
- 2010, Boaz Yuval, Jorge Hendrichs 17: Behavior of Fruit Fly in the Genus Ceratitis (Dacinae: Ceratitidini), Martin Aluja, Allen Norrbom (editors), Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior, page 437,
- In a recent study (Yuval et al. 1998), the size and weight of males captured either lekking or resting at the same time in the vicinity of leks were measured.
- 2010, Robert Michael Pyle, Mariposa Road: The First Butterfly Big Year, unnumbered page:
- Half a dozen of the thumbnail-size males lekked in a sunny glade.
- (UK, dialect, Yorkshire, colloquial) To play.
- T’lads are lekkin in t’park.
Translations edit
Usage notes edit
The Yorkshire dialect word is rarely written and is pronounced differently in the different Ridings of Yorkshire. Compare laik, layk.
Etymology 2 edit
From Albanian lek, named after Alexander the Great, whose name is often shortened to Leka in Albanian.
Noun edit
lek (plural leks or lek or leku or lekë)
- The currency unit of Albania, divided into 100 qindarka.
- 1992, Mario I. Bléjer, Albania: From Isolation Toward Reform, page 56:
- With the loss of control by the Government over foreign exchange surrender requirements and the almost complete depletion of foreign exchange reserves, in early 1992 the official rate was further devalued to leks 50 = $1.
- 1997, Igor Artimiev, Gary J. Fine, Country Studies: Albania, Ira W. Lieberman, Stilpon S. Nestor, Raj M. Desai, Between State and Market: Mass Privatization in Transition Economies, page 178,
- Enterprise shares are sold at voucher auctions in exchange for either immaterial privatization leks (through a bank transfer from the bidder's privatization lek account) or through privatization vouchers, which are submitted at the time of bidding.
- 2003, Iraj Hoshi, Ewa Balcerowicz, Leszek Balcerowicz, Barriers to Entry and Growth of New Firms in Early Transition, page 253:
- Value Added Tax is another tax imposed on all enterprises with a yearly turnover of more than 2 million Leks. VAT was introduced in the Albanian tax system in 1995 replacing the old turnover tax.
Translations edit
Anagrams edit
Albanian edit
Etymology edit
From Lekë,[1] after Leka i Madh (“Alexander the Great”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek m (plural lekë)
Descendants edit
- → English: lek
References edit
Further reading edit
- leku on the Albanian Wikipedia.Wikipedia sq
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek m inan
- Synonym of leknutí
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch leken, from Old Dutch *lekan, from Proto-Germanic *lekaną (“to leak”).[1] Or, from or related to laken (“to lack, blame”).[2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek n (plural lekken, diminutive lekje n)
Adjective edit
lek (comparative lekker, superlative lekst)
Inflection edit
Declension of lek | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | lek | |||
inflected | lekke | |||
comparative | lekker | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | lek | lekker | het lekst het lekste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | lekke | lekkere | lekste |
n. sing. | lek | lekker | lekste | |
plural | lekke | lekkere | lekste | |
definite | lekke | lekkere | lekste | |
partitive | leks | lekkers | — |
Verb edit
lek
- inflection of lekken:
References edit
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
Anagrams edit
French edit
Noun edit
lek m (plural leks)
- lek (currency)
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek (plural lekek)
- lek (the currency unit of Albania)
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lek | lekek |
accusative | leket | lekeket |
dative | leknek | lekeknek |
instrumental | lekkel | lekekkel |
causal-final | lekért | lekekért |
translative | lekké | lekekké |
terminative | lekig | lekekig |
essive-formal | lekként | lekekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | lekben | lekekben |
superessive | leken | lekeken |
adessive | leknél | lekeknél |
illative | lekbe | lekekbe |
sublative | lekre | lekekre |
allative | lekhez | lekekhez |
elative | lekből | lekekből |
delative | lekről | lekekről |
ablative | lektől | lekektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
leké | lekeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
lekéi | lekekéi |
Possessive forms of lek | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | lekem | lekjeim |
2nd person sing. | leked | lekjeid |
3rd person sing. | lekje | lekjei |
1st person plural | lekünk | lekjeink |
2nd person plural | leketek | lekjeitek |
3rd person plural | lekjük | lekjeik |
Anagrams edit
Isthmus Mixe edit
Noun edit
lek
References edit
- Dieterman, Julia, McCarty, James Michael, Jr., Castañón López, Victoriano, Castañón Eugenio, María Dolores (2018) Breve diccionario del mixe del Istmo: Mogoñé Viejo, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 52)[1] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 37
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old English lēac, lēc, from Proto-West Germanic *lauk, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek (plural lekes)
- A plant in the genus Allium (often used as vegetables):
- (in expressions) Something of little value.
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “lẹ̄k, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-26.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
- leik (Nynorsk also)
Noun edit
lek m (definite singular leken, indefinite plural leker, definite plural lekene)
- play, playing
- a game, contest
- de olympiske leker ― the Olympic Games
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
lek m (indeclinable)
- the lek, currency of Albania.
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
lek
- imperative of leke
References edit
- “lek” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse leikr, through Middle Low German from Ancient Greek λαϊκός (laïkós, “popular”).
Adjective edit
lek (neuter lekt, definite singular and plural leke, comparative lekare, indefinite superlative lekast, definite superlative lekaste)
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
- lekk (adjective and noun)
Adjective edit
lek (neuter lekt, definite singular and plural leke, comparative lekare, indefinite superlative lekast, definite superlative lekaste)
Noun edit
lek m (definite singular leken, indefinite plural lekar, definite plural lekane)
- a leak
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
lek
- inflection of leka:
References edit
- “lek” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Old Javanese edit
Etymology edit
Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *leh (“to go down, go out”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Old Norse edit
Adjective edit
lek
- inflection of lekr:
Verb edit
lek
- inflection of leka:
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lěkъ.
Noun edit
lek m inan
- (medicine) medicine (substance which promotes healing)
- Synonyms: lekarstwo, medykament
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
lek m animal
- lek (currency of Albania)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Samoan Plantation Pidgin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
lek
References edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lěkъ, borrowed from Gothic 𐌻𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃 (lēkeis, “physician”).[1] Compare Old Norse læknir, Old High German lahhi, Danish læge.
Noun edit
lȇk m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑к)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Petar Skok, Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika, Z., 1971, v. 2, p. 296: Obično se uzimlje da je praslavenska riječ posuđena iz gotske radne imenice lekeis
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lěkъ, from Proto-Indo-European *loykʷós.
Noun edit
lȇk m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑к)
- little quantity
- Nema mesta ni za lek(a). ― There is absolutely no place.
Declension edit
Slovene edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lẹ̑k m inan
Inflection edit
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | ||
---|---|---|
nominative | lék | |
genitive | léka | |
singular | ||
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
lék | |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
léka | |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
léku | |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
lék | |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
léku | |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
lékom |
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lek c
- (uncountable) (child's) play; typically denotes pleasurable and less rule-bound games and activities – "play" more in the sense of "engage in play" than "play a game"
- De iakttog barnens lek
- They watched the children's play(ing)
- (countable) a particular game or activity (associated with child's play)
- Ska vi leka en lek? Vi kan låtsas vara björnar.
- Want to play a game? (Or, "Want to engage in a type of play?") We can pretend to be bears.
- a game, playing (more generally, sometimes with relaxed or nonchalant connotations)
- en lek med döden
- playing with death ("a play(ing) with death")
- vindens lek med löven
- the wind playing with the leaves ("the wind's play(ing) with the leaves")
- a deck of cards
- Synonym: kortlek
- (biology) lek
Usage notes edit
Not restricted to children by definition, but childish-sounding. See also leka.
Declension edit
Declension of lek | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | lek | leken | lekar | lekarna |
Genitive | leks | lekens | lekars | lekarnas |
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
lek
- imperative of leka
References edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
lek
- leg, foot
- 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:15:
- Na bai mi mekim yu i stap birua bilong meri, na meri i stap birua bilong yu. Na bai mi mekim ol lain bilong yu i birua long lain bilong meri. Bai ol i krungutim het bilong yu, na bai yu kaikaim lek bilong ol.”
- footprint
- hindleg (of an animal)
References edit
Tzotzil edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lek
Derived terms edit
(Verbal phrases)
References edit
- Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Zhuang edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Tai *ʰlekᴰ (“iron”), from Old Chinese 鐵 (OC *l̥ʰiːɡ, “iron”). Cognate with Thai เหล็ก (lèk), Lao ເຫຼັກ (lek), Shan လဵၵ်း (láek), Lü ᦵᦜᧅ (l̇ek), Tai Nüa ᥘᥥᥐᥱ (lěk), Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜀𑜫 (lik), Nong Zhuang liak. Doublet of diet.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /leːk˧˥/
- Tone numbers: lek7
- Hyphenation: lek
Noun edit
lek (1957–1982 spelling lek)
- English 1-syllable words
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- crp-spp:Anatomy
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