muka
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Maori.
Noun edit
muka (uncountable)
Anagrams edit
Czech edit
Alternative forms edit
- muky f pl
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
muka n pl
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *muka, probably equivalent to muu (“other, else”) + -ka. Akin to Karelian muka, Livvi muga and Veps muga.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
muka (not comparable)
- supposedly, allegedly, as if (used to express that what follows is doubtful or untrue)
- Synonyms: mukamas, (dialectal) mukamasten, mukamasti
- Miten voi kalliimpi olla aina muka jotenkin parempi?
- How can more expensive supposedly always be somehow better?
- Oletko sinä muka purjehtinut Atlantin yli?
- Do you claim you have sailed across the Atlantic?
- (in compounds) pseudo-
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “muka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Malay muka, from Sanskrit मुख (mukha).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
muka (plural muka-muka, first-person possessive mukaku, second-person possessive mukamu, third-person possessive mukanya)
- face
- Synonym: wajah
- the front part of the head, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth and the surrounding area.
- the public image; outward appearance.
- the frontal aspect of something.
- act, façade, front, persona, show: an intentional and false impression of oneself.
- person.
- typeface.
- Synonym: pagina
- previous event.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “muka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese edit
Romanization edit
muka
- Romanization of ꦩꦸꦏ.
Kaurna edit
Noun edit
muka
See also edit
- yarla-muka (“calf muscle”)
- muka-muka (“the brain”)
- kardlumuka (“scrotum, testes”)
- kuntumuka (“the male breast”)
- ngarrumuka (“scrotum, testes, brain”)
Lower Sorbian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *mǫka; cognate with Upper Sorbian muka, Polish mąka, Czech mouka, Russian мука́ (muká), Old Church Slavonic мѫка (mǫka).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
muka f inan (diminutive mucka)
- flour (powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains)
Declension edit
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit मुख (mukha).[1] Displaced earlier muha regular reflex of Proto-Malayic *muha (“face; front”); and dahi (now meaning “forehead”) from Proto-Malayic *dahi from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqih from Proto-Austronesian *daqiS (“forehead; face”).[2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
muka (Jawi spelling موک, plural muka-muka, informal 1st possessive mukaku, 2nd possessive mukamu, 3rd possessive mukanya)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Regular affixed derivations:
- pemuka [passive / name of profession] (pe-)
- bermuka [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- muka-muka [reduplication] (redup)
- bermuka-muka [reduplication + stative / habitual] (redup + beR-)
- semuka [immediacy / habitual] (se-)
- menyemukakan [immediacy / habitual + agent focus + causative benefactive] (se- + meN- + -kan)
- bersemuka [immediacy / habitual + stative / habitual] (se- + beR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1994, →ISBN, page 120
- ^ Hoogervorst, Tom G. (2023) “Traces of Contact in the Lexicon”, in Lexical Influence from South Asia[1], Brill, →ISBN, page 39
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “موك moeka”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 137
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “موک muka”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 663
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “muka”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 150
Further reading edit
- “muka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mambae edit
Noun edit
muka
Mwani edit
Noun edit
muka class 1 (plural waka)
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Oromo edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
muka
Phuthi edit
Verb edit
-múka
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Rayón Zoque edit
Noun edit
muka
References edit
- Harrison, Roy, B. de Harrison, Margaret, López Juárez, Francisco, Ordoñes, Cosme (1984) Vocabulario zoque de Rayón (Serie de diccionarios y vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 28)[3] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“torture, torment”), Cognates include Czech muka.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mȕka f (Cyrillic spelling му̏ка)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“flour”), Cognates include Czech mouka.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
múka f (Cyrillic spelling му́ка)
Declension edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka.
Noun edit
muka f (genitive singular muky, nominative plural muky, genitive plural múk, declension pattern of žena)
Usage notes edit
- This word is used almost exclusively in the plural. The singular form is used mostly in poetry.
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “muka”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Tarifit edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic موكة (mūka, “owl”), from Berber origin.
Noun edit
Zulu edit
Verb edit
-múka
- (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of -emuka
Inflection edit
References edit
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “muka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “muka (3.9)”
- English terms borrowed from Maori
- English terms derived from Maori
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech neuter nouns
- Czech pluralia tantum
- Czech literary terms
- Czech velar-stem neuter nouns
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ka
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ukɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ukɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adverbs
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ka
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ka/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/a
- Rhymes:Indonesian/a/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Kaurna lemmas
- Kaurna nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian nouns
- Lower Sorbian feminine nouns
- Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns
- dsb:Foods
- Malay terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Malay terms derived from Sanskrit
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/uka
- Rhymes:Malay/uka/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Malay/ka
- Rhymes:Malay/ka/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Malay/a
- Rhymes:Malay/a/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Anatomy
- ms:Body parts
- Mambae lemmas
- Mambae nouns
- Mwani lemmas
- Mwani nouns
- Mwani class 1 nouns
- wmw:Family
- Oromo lemmas
- Oromo nouns
- om:Plants
- Phuthi lemmas
- Phuthi verbs
- Rayón Zoque lemmas
- Rayón Zoque nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Regional Serbo-Croatian
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak feminine nouns
- Tarifit terms borrowed from Moroccan Arabic
- Tarifit terms derived from Moroccan Arabic
- Tarifit lemmas
- Tarifit nouns
- Tarifit feminine nouns
- rif:Animals
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu verbs
- Zulu transitive verbs
- Zulu intransitive verbs
- Zulu verbs with tone H