ru
Translingual edit
Etymology edit
Most likely from clipping of English Russian or Russian ру́сский (rússkij)
Symbol edit
ru
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch ruw, from Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, from Old Dutch *rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. See the Dutch entry for more.
Pronunciation edit
Audio: (file)
Adjective edit
ru (attributive ruwe, comparative ruwer, superlative ruuste)
Breton edit
Adjective edit
ru
Chuukese edit
Numeral edit
ru
Related terms edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French ru, riu, from Vulgar Latin *rius, from Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rih₂wós (from *h₃reyh₂- (“to flow; to move, set in motion”) + *-wós).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ru m (plural rus)
Related terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “ru”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Guaraní edit
Noun edit
ru
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
ru
Kabyle edit
Verb edit
ru
- to cry, shed tears
Conjugation edit
Malay edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Shortened form of eru, from Proto-Malayic *(h)Aru, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *(h)aru, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *(h)aru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(q)aʀuhu.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ru (Jawi spelling رو)
- Alternative form of eru
Synonyms edit
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
ru
- Nonstandard spelling of rú.
- Nonstandard spelling of rǔ.
- Nonstandard spelling of rù.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Narua edit
Noun edit
ru
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German.
Adjective edit
ru (masculine and feminine ru, neuter ru or rutt, definite singular and plural ru or rue, comparative ruare, indefinite superlative ruast, definite superlative ruaste)
References edit
- “ru” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Sumerian edit
Romanization edit
ru
- Romanization of 𒊒 (ru)
Talysh edit
Etymology edit
Cognate with Persian رود (rud).
Noun edit
ru
Tarifit edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ru (Tifinagh spelling ⵔⵓ)
- (intransitive) to cry, to weep
- (intransitive) to complain
- (intransitive, figuratively) to secrete a liquid
Conjugation edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms edit
Tarok edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Mapeo dɔ́ɔ́ ("fall, fall downwards"), Owere dò ("fall (as rain)").
Verb edit
ru
- to fall (downwards)
References edit
- R. Blench, The Benue-Congo languages
Vietnamese edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zu˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʐʊw˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ɹʊw˧˧]
- Homophone: du
Etymology 1 edit
Verb edit
- to sing (a baby) to sleep
- hát ru ― to sing a lullaby
- (Can we date this quote?), Văn Thành Nho (lyrics and music), “Đất nước lời ru [Our Land, a Lullaby]”:
- Ru con, mẹ ru con,
Tiếng ru cả cuộc đời.
Ru con lời ru,
Cất lên từ ngàn đời.- Lull you, I lull you,
With the song of a lifetime.
Lull you, with a lullaby,
Resonating with eternity.
- Lull you, I lull you,
Etymology 2 edit
Part of the r-series of demonstratives, along with rày, ri, rứa, sao, and potentially also răng, rằng.
Particle edit
See also edit
Vietnamese demonstratives | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Laurence Thompson (1965), Vietnamese Grammar | |||||||||||||||||||
Unspecified | Close to the speaker or newly introduced |
Remote, already identified | |||||||||||||||||
PLACE đ- (first register) |
đâu ‘wherever’ |
đây ‘here’ |
đấy ‘there’ | ||||||||||||||||
REFERENCE n- (second register) |
nào ‘whichever’ |
này ‘this’ |
nọ ‘that’ | ||||||||||||||||
PROPORTION b- (first register) |
bao ‘to whatever extent’ |
bây ‘to this extent’ |
bấy ‘to that extent’ | ||||||||||||||||
MANNER s- (first register) v- (second register) |
sao ‘however’ |
vầy ‘this way’ |
vậy ‘that way’ | ||||||||||||||||
Nguyễn Phú Phong (1992), “Vietnamese Demonstratives Revisited” | |||||||||||||||||||
D• (Indefinite) |
D1 (Proximal) |
D2 (Medial) |
D3 (Distal) | ||||||||||||||||
+NOM(inal) | đâu place-what |
đây place-this |
đấy place-that1 |
||||||||||||||||
±NOM(inal) | đó (place-)that1 |
kia (place-)that2 | |||||||||||||||||
–NOM(inal) | nào what |
nầy this |
nấy/ấy that1 |
nọ that2 |
Proximal (*-iː) |
Distal 1 (*-iːʔ) |
Distal 2 (*-əːʔ) |
Distal 3/ Remote (*-ɔːʔ) |
Interrogative (rime was a rounded back vowel) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Place, attributive1 n- |
ni nì này |
nấy | nớ | nọ | nào |
Place, nominal2 đ- |
đây | đí đấy |
— | đó | đâu |
Manner r- |
ri rày |
— | rứa | — | ru sao3 |
Extent 14 b- |
bây | bấy | — | — | bao |
Extent 25 v- |
vầy | vậy | — | — | — |
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). 2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”). 3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”). 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”). |
West Makian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ru
References edit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics
White Hmong edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ru
References edit
- Ernest E. Heimbach, White Hmong - English Dictionary (1979, SEAP Publications)
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