rub
English edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle English rubben, of unknown origin; possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną, related to *reufaną (“to tear”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian rubje (“to rub, scrape”), German Low German rubben (“to rub”), Low German rubblig (“rough, uneven”), Dutch robben, rubben (“to rub smooth; scrape; scrub”), Danish rubbe (“to rub, scrub”), Icelandic and Norwegian rubba (“to scrape”).[1] More at reave.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rub (plural rubs)
- An act of rubbing.
- Give that lamp a good rub and see if any genies come out.
- A difficulty or problem.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
- To die, to sleep— / To sleep—perchance to dream. Ay, there's the rub! / For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, / When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, / Must give us pause
- 1922 February, James Joyce, “[[Episode 16]]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
- […] the propriety of the cabman's shelter, as it was called, hardly a stonesthrow away near Butt bridge where they might hit upon some drinkables in the shape of a milk and soda or a mineral. But how to get there was the rub.
- 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:
- 'My dear Devereux, I say, you mustn't talk in that wild way. You—you talk like a ruined man!'
'And I so comfortable!'
'Why, to be sure, Dick, you have had some little rubs, and, maybe, your follies and your vexations; but, hang it, you are young; you can't get experience—at least, so I've found it—without paying for it. […] '
- (archaic) A quip or sarcastic remark.
- In the game of crown green bowls, any obstacle by which a bowl is diverted from its normal course.
- Any substance designed to be applied by rubbing.
- a heat rub intended for muscular strains
- (UK, naval slang) A loan.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Verb edit
rub (third-person singular simple present rubs, present participle rubbing, simple past and past participle rubbed)
- (transitive) To move (one object) while maintaining contact with another object over some area, with pressure and friction.
- I rubbed the cloth over the glass.
- The cat rubbed itself against my leg.
- I rubbed my hands together for warmth.
- 1680, T. K., The Kitchin-Phyſician; Or, a Guide for Good-Housewives in Maintaining Their Families in Health. […] [1], How to cleanſe the Teeth, and keep them ſound, page 44:
- You ſhould rub your Teeth and whole Mouth and Gums, the Pallate and Tongue, with a clean courſe cloth, rubbing off the ſlime which groweth upon them in the night.
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
- […] Walden rubbed his hands together and smiled contentedly.
- (intransitive) To be rubbed against something.
- My shoes are beginning to rub.
- (transitive) To spread a substance thinly over; to smear.
- meat rubbed with spices before barbecuing
- 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC:
- The smoothed plank, […] / New rubbed with balm.
- (dated) To move or pass with difficulty.
- to rub through woods, as huntsmen
- To scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse; often with up or over.
- to rub up silver
- a. 1716, Robert South, Man Created in God's Image:
- The whole business of our redemption is, in short, only to rub over the defaced copy of the creation
- To hinder; to cross; to thwart.
- c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
- 'Tis the duke's pleasure, / Whose disposition, all the world well knows, / Will not be rubbed nor stopped.
- (transitive, bowls) To touch the jack with the bowl.
Derived terms edit
- rub along
- rubber
- rubbing
- rubboard
- rub down
- rub elbows
- rub in
- rub it in
- rub off
- rub off on
- rub one off
- rub one out
- rub oneself off
- rub one's face with a brass candlestick
- rub one's hands
- rub one's hands together
- rub out
- rub salt in someone's wounds
- rub salt in the wound
- rub shoulders
- rub someone's face in
- rub someone's nose in
- rub someone the wrong way
- rub the fear of God into
- rub up
- rub up against
- rub up on
- rub up the wrong way
- two pennies to rub together
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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References edit
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 2520, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 2520
Further reading edit
- “rub”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “rub”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “rub”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “rub”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫbъ (“something which was cut”), from *rǫbati (“to cut, chop”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rub m inan
- back (the reverse side)
- Antonym: líc
- rub karty ― back of the card
- rub mince ― reverse of the coin
- the other (often negative) aspect of a situation
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “rub”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda
Further reading edit
Lower Sorbian edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
rub
Manx edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
rub m (genitive singular rub, plural rubbyn)
Verb edit
rub (verbal noun rubbey or rubbal)
- to rub
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫbъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rȗb m (Cyrillic spelling ру̑б)
Declension edit
Yola edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English ribbe, from Old English ribb, from Proto-West Germanic *ribi.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rub (plural rubbès)
References edit
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 65
- English terms inherited from Middle English
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- Rhymes:English/ʌb
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- en:Bowls (game)
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