sad
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
sad
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“sated, full”), from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”). Cognate to West Frisian sêd, Dutch zat, German satt.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sad (comparative sadder or more sad, superlative saddest or most sad)
- (heading) Emotionally negative.
- Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
- She gets sad when he's away.
- c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 219, column 2:
- Firſt were we ſad, fearing you would not come, / Now ſadder that you come ſo vnprouided: […]
- 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC, line 18:
- […] Th’ Angelic Guards aſcended, mute and ſad […]
- Appearing sorrowful.
- The puppy had a sad little face.
- 2010 February, Eric Rentschler, Itoh's Ghost[1], iUniverse, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 54:
- We need a sad man. Give us a sad man.” Tomo gave the look of a sad man, then followed with the body of a sad man. “That's it, more of that. can you manufacture a mole right here? Yes, a very ugly mole. Right here, on the chin. […]
- Causing sorrow; lamentable.
- It's a sad fact that most rapes go unreported.
- 1911, G. K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse:
- The Great Gaels of Ireland are the men that God made mad, / For all their wars are merry and all their songs are sad.
- 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:
- The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.
- Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor.
- That's the saddest-looking pickup truck I've ever seen.
- 1819 July 15, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto II, stanza CXXVII, page 182:
- Heaven knows what cash he got, or blood he spilt, / A sad old fellow was he, if you please […].
- Of colours: dark, deep; later, sombre, dull.
- 1650, Thomas Browne, “Compendiously of Sundry Other Common Tenents, Concerning Minerall and Terreous Bodies, Which Examined, Prove Either False or Dubious”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, page 69:
- […] this is either uſed crude, and called ſulphur vive, and is of a ſadder colour; or after depuration, ſuch as we have in magdeleons or rols of a lighter yellow.
- 1679, Izaak Walton, The Life of Bishop Robert Sanderson:
- sad-coloured clothes
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, →OCLC:
- Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of many colours, especially all sad colours.
- Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
- (obsolete) Sated, having had one's fill; satisfied, weary.
- (obsolete) Steadfast, valiant.
- 1593, anonymous author, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:
- The fearefull newes that whilſt the flame doth but begin,
Sad pollicie may ſerue to quench the fire: […]
- (obsolete) Dignified, serious, grave.
- 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Clerke of Oxenfordes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xlix, verso, column 2, line 4:
- […] ſadde and rype corage […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1509, Sebastian Brant, translated by Alexander Barclay, The Ship of Fools,:
- Therfore it nedeth that better prouysion.
Were founde for youthe by sad and wyse counsayle
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 3, page 348:
- Vproſe Sir Guyon, in bright armour clad, / And to his purpoſd iourney him prepar'd: / With him the Palmer eke in habit ſad, / Him ſelfe addreſt to that aduenture hard: […]
- (obsolete) Naughty; troublesome; wicked.
- 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:
- Mr. Santon laughed, and merely said,—"Oh, you cruel beauty!" returning to his paper again; but, seated in the bay-window was one, who could not thus lightly look upon the conduct of the coquettish Winnie, for it was evident she was a sad coquette.
- 1860, Isaac Taylor, “Essay III. Modern Advancements and Lay Inventors.”, in Ultimate Civilization and Other Essays, London: Bell and Daldy […], →OCLC, section IX, page 227:
- In ſuch places, it would not be doubted, that a grim Daniel Scroggins, and an aproned Sam Smith, might be found—ſad tipſy fellows, both of them, to whoſe ingenuity this or that mechanical improvement had been due.
- (slang) Unfashionable; socially inadequate or undesirable.
- I can't believe you use drugs; you're so sad!
- (dialect) Soggy (to refer to pastries).
- (obsolete) Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard.
- sad bread
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 30, page 299:
- […] his hand, more ſad then lomp of lead, […]
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, →OCLC:
- Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad.
Synonyms edit
- (feeling mentally uncomfortable): discomforted, distressed, uncomfortable, unhappy
- (low in spirits): depressed, down in the dumps, glum, melancholy
- (moving, full of feeling): poignant, touching
- (causing sorrow): lamentable
- (poor in quality): pitiful, sorry
- See also Thesaurus:sad
- See also Thesaurus:lamentable
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Further reading edit
- “sad”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “sad”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Verb edit
sad (third-person singular simple present sads, present participle sadding, simple past and past participle sadded)
- (transitive, archaic) To make melancholy; to sadden or grieve (someone).
- 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
- My father's wondrous pensive, and withal / With a suppress'd rage left his house displeas'd, / And so in post is hurried to the camp: / It sads me much; to expel which melancholy, / I have sent for company.
- 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sad (plural sads)
- Alternative form of saad (“Arabic letter”)
Anagrams edit
Cebuano edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: sad
Adverb edit
sad
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Czech sad, from Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
Noun edit
sad m inan
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
sad
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Verb edit
sad
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
sad
- Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌳
Livonian edit
Alternative forms edit
- (Courland) sa'd
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *sato.
Noun edit
sad
- precipitation (hail, rain, snow)
Lower Sorbian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sad m inan
- fruit (food)
Declension edit
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)
- sated, weary (having had enough) [from 9th c.]
- firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
- considered, thoughtful, serious [from 14th c.]
- sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from 14th c.]
- authentic, true, genuine [from 15th c.]
- (of colors) dark, deep [from 15th c.]
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Adverb edit
sad (comparative saddere)
Descendants edit
References edit
- “sā̆d, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sad
- (Early Middle English) Alternative form of seed (“seed”)
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
sad
- Alternative form of saden
Old Saxon edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).
Adjective edit
sad (comparative sadoro, superlative sadost)
Declension edit
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sad | sade | sad | sade | sad | sadu |
accusative | sadana | sade | sad | sade | sada | sadu |
genitive | sades | sadarō | sades | sadarō | sadaro | sadarō |
dative | sadumu | sadum | sadumu | sadum | sadaro | sadum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sado | sadu | sada | sadu | sada | sadu |
accusative | sadun | sadun | sada | sadun | sadun | sadun |
genitive | sadun | sadonō | sadun | sadonō | sadun | sadonō |
dative | sadun | sadum | sadun | sadum | sadun | sadum |
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadoro | sadoru | sadora | sadoru | sadora | sadoru |
accusative | sadorun | sadorun | sadora | sadorun | sadorun | sadorun |
genitive | sadorun | sadoronō | sadorun | sadoronō | sadorun | sadoronō |
dative | sadorun | sadorum | sadorun | sadorum | sadorun | sadorum |
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadost | sadoste | sadost | sadoste | sadost | sadostu |
accusative | sadostana | sadoste | sadost | sadoste | sadosta | sadostu |
genitive | sadostes | sadostarō | sadostes | sadostarō | sadostaro | sadostarō |
dative | sadostumu | sadostum | sadostumu | sadostum | sadostaro | sadostum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadosto | sadostu | sadosta | sadostu | sadosta | sadostu |
accusative | sadostun | sadostun | sadosta | sadostun | sadostun | sadostun |
genitive | sadostun | sadostonō | sadostun | sadostonō | sadostun | sadostonō |
dative | sadostun | sadostum | sadostun | sadostum | sadostun | sadostum |
Descendants edit
- Middle Low German sat
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sad m inan (diminutive sadek, related adjective sadowy)
- (agriculture, horticulture) orchard (land for cultivation of fruit or nut trees)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Related terms edit
- sadzić impf
Further reading edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ).
Noun edit
sad n (plural saduri)
Declension edit
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Old English sæd.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sad (comparative sadder, superlative saddest)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sьda, *sьgoda.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
sȁd (Cyrillic spelling са̏д)
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sadъ. Compare Russian сад (sad).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sȃd m (Cyrillic spelling са̑д)
- plant nursery, plantation, orchard (specialized facility rather than a home garden)
- a seeding or sapling from a plant nursery
Declension edit
References edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sad m inan (genitive singular sadu, nominative plural sady, genitive plural sadov, declension pattern of dub)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sad”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene edit
Alternative forms edit
- ſad (Bohorič alphabet)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *sȃdъ (“plant, garden”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sādas.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sȃd m inan
- (archaic or literary) fruit
- (literary) result, outcome
- (obsolete) child, young direct offspring
- Synonyms: otrok, dete, froc, malček, otroček, otročič, otročiček, otrokec, pamž, pestovanček, pestovanec, spestovanec
- Antonyms: starš, roditelj, rodnik, starši
- Zdrava, Marija, milosti polna, Gospod je s Teboj, blagoslovljena si med ženami in blagoslovljen je sad Tvojega telesa Jezus. ― Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
- (literary, rare) consequence
Usage notes edit
Unlike plod, sad is used more when the edibility is stressed, rather than the seeds it contains.
Declension edit
The template Template:sl-decl-noun-table3 does not use the parameter(s):n=Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | sȃd | ||
gen. sing. | sadȗ | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏvi |
genitive rodȋlnik |
sadȗ | sadóv | sadóv |
dative dajȃlnik |
sȃdu, sȃdi | sadȏvoma, sadȏvama | sadȏvom, sȃdȏvam |
accusative tožȋlnik |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏve |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
sȃdu, sȃdi | sadȏvih | sadȏvih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
sȃdom | sadȏvoma, sadȏvama | sadȏvi |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏvi |
n=Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , fixed accent | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | sȃd | ||
gen. sing. | sȃda | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏvi |
genitive rodȋlnik |
sȃda | sadóv | sadóv |
dative dajȃlnik |
sȃdu, sȃdi | sadȏvoma, sadȏvama | sadȏvom, sȃdȏvam |
accusative tožȋlnik |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏve |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
sȃdu, sȃdi | sadȏvih | sadȏvih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
sȃdom | sadȏvoma, sadȏvama | sadȏvi |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
sȃd | sadȏva | sadȏvi |
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “sad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “sad”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Tat edit
Etymology edit
Cognate with Persian صد (sad).
Numeral edit
sad
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
sad
- Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ص
Alternative forms edit
Wakhi edit
Etymology edit
Numeral edit
sad
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-2
- ISO 639-3
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seh₂-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/æd
- Rhymes:English/æd/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with obsolete senses
- Middle English terms with quotations
- English slang
- English dialectal terms
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with archaic senses
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English three-letter words
- en:Arabic letter names
- en:Emotions
- en:Sadness
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano adverbs
- Cebuano focus adverbs
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech noun forms
- cs:Horticulture
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish verb forms
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian lemmas
- Livonian nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian nouns
- Lower Sorbian masculine nouns
- Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns
- dsb:Fruits
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English adjectives
- Middle English adverbs
- Middle English nouns
- Early Middle English
- Middle English verbs
- enm:Colors
- enm:Emotions
- enm:Thinking
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon adjectives
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/at
- Rhymes:Polish/at/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Agriculture
- pl:Horticulture
- pl:Places
- Romanian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic
- Romanian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Romanian dated terms
- Scots terms inherited from Old English
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots lemmas
- Scots adjectives
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian adverbs
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Horticulture
- sh:Plants
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak masculine nouns
- Slovak inanimate nouns
- sk:Horticulture
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Slovene/aːt
- Slovene terms with homophones
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene masculine inanimate nouns
- Slovene masculine nouns
- Slovene inanimate nouns
- Slovene terms with archaic senses
- Slovene literary terms
- Slovene terms with obsolete senses
- Slovene terms with usage examples
- Slovene terms with rare senses
- Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns
- Slovene masculine o-stem nouns with plural in -ov-
- Slovene masculine o-stem nouns with ending -u in nominative singular
- Slovene irregular nouns
- Slovene masculine o-stem nouns with long mixed accent
- Slovene masculine o-stem nouns
- Slovene masculine o-stem nouns with fixed accent
- sl:Fruits
- sl:Children
- sl:Family members
- Tat lemmas
- Tat numerals
- Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Arabic letter names
- Wakhi lemmas
- Wakhi numerals