tidur

See also: tíður

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay tidur, from Proto-Malayic *tidur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.

Cognates

Cognate with Minangkabau tidua, Kedah Malay tidoq, Urak Lawoi' ตีโนะ (tino’), Sundanese tunduh, Javanese turu, Tagalog tulog.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti.dʊr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -dʊr, -ʊr, -r
• Hyphenation: ti‧dur

Verb

tidur (involuntary/perfective tertidur, involuntary ketiduran, transitive locative tiduri)

1. (intransitive) to sleep (to rest in a state of reduced consciousness)

   Kemarin sore aku tidur setelah bekerja.

   Yesterday at afternoon I slept after work.

2. (intransitive) to fall asleep (to pass from a state of wakefulness into sleep)
3. (of an inanimate object, intransitive, uncommon) to lie down (to assume a horizontal position)

   Synonyms: berbaring, terbaring

Conjugation

Conjugation of tidur (meng-, intransitive)
Root	tidur
	Active	Involuntary / Perfective	Passive	Basic / Imperative	Jussive
Active	–	ketiduran, tertidur	–	tidur	tidurlah
Locative	meniduri	tertiduri	ditiduri	tiduri	tidurilah
Causative / Applicative1	menidurkan	tertidurkan	ditidurkan	tidurkan	tidurkanlah
	Causative
Active	mempertidur	tepertidur	dipertidur	pertidur	pertidurlah
Locative	mempertiduri	tepertiduri	dipertiduri	pertiduri	pertidurilah
Causative / Applicative1	mempertidurkan	tepertidurkan	dipertidurkan	pertidurkan	pertidurkanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Noun

tidur (uncountable)

1. sleep (the state of reduced consciousness during which a human or animal rests in a daily rhythm)
2. (of an inanimate object, uncommon) inactivity (the quality of being inactive)

   Synonym: ketidakaktifan

Derived terms

Affixed terms

• berseketiduran
• ketiduran
• penidur
• peniduran
• petiduran
• seketiduran
• tertidur
• tidur-tidur
• tiduran
• tiduri
• tidurkan

 

Compound terms

• tidur cantik
• tidur paradoksial

 

Proverbs with the word tidur

• bersesak-sesak bagai ular tidur
• mata tidur, bantal terjaga
• minum serasa duri, makan serasa lilin, tidur tak lena, mandi tak basah
• tidur bertilam air mata; tidur bertilam pasir
• tidur di atas miang (enjelai)
• tidur tak lelap, makan tak kenyang

 

Idioms with the word tidur

• tidur di kasur

 

Further reading

• “tidur” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Alternative forms

• tidok, tiduk (dialectal)

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *tidur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, (compare Sundanese tunduh, Tagalog tulog), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /tido(r)/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /tidʊ(r)/
• Rhymes: -ido(r), -do(r), -o(r)

• Audio (MY):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ur

Verb

tidur (Jawi spelling تيدور)

1. to sleep (to rest in state of reduced consciousness)

Noun

tidur (Jawi spelling تيدور, plural tidur-tidur, informal 1st possessive tidurku, 2nd possessive tidurmu, 3rd possessive tidurnya)

1. sleep (state of reduced consciousness)

Derived terms

• kantung tidur

Descendants

• > Indonesian: tidur (inherited)

Further reading

• “tidur” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.