zebra
English edit
Etymology edit
1600; borrowed from Italian zebra, from Portuguese zebra, zebro (“zebra”), from Old Galician-Portuguese enzebro, ezebra, azebra (“wild ass”), from earlier cebrario (882), ezebrario (897), from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”) (Pliny), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”).(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
While the word was traditionally pronounced with a long vowel in the first syllable in standard English, during the twentieth century a vowel shift occurred in regions of England, with the shortening of the first vowel.[1] This pronunciation is now used throughout the UK and most Commonwealth nations. The long-vowel pronunciation remains standard in Canadian and American English.
(referee): In reference to the black and white striped shirts they wear.
Pronunciation edit
- (UK, Commonwealth) IPA(key): /ˈzɛbɹə/
Audio (UK): (file) - Hyphenation: zeb‧ra
- (Canadian, US and traditional British English) IPA(key): /ˈziːbɹə/
Audio (US): (file) - Hyphenation: ze‧bra
- Rhymes: (UK, Commonwealth) -ɛbɹə, -iːbɹə
Noun edit
zebra (plural zebra or zebras)
- Any of three species of subgenus Hippotigris: E. grevyi, E. quagga, or E. zebra, all with black and white stripes and native to Africa.
- (sports, slang) A referee.
- (medicine, slang) An unlikely diagnosis, especially for symptoms probably caused by a common ailment. (Originates in the advice often given to medical students: "when you hear hoofbeats, think of horses, not zebras".)
- (medicine, by extension) Someone who has Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or hypermobility spectrum disorder
- 2020, Pharmaceutical Technology[2]:
- EDS charities around the world use a zebra logo to promote the idea that sometimes it really is that ‘rare’ condition.
- 2022 December 24, CNN[3]:
- “I was told in medical school, ‘when you hear hoofbeats think horses, not zebras,’” she says. Many trainee doctors receive the same advice – when a patient presents with symptoms, “look for the common thing.” That’s why EDS patients commonly refer to themselves as zebras – and also use the fabulous collective noun “dazzle.” The name represents rarity and evokes the stripy stretch marks that are a common feature on EDS skin.
- (vulgar, derogatory, slang, ethnic slur) A biracial person, specifically one born to a Sub-Saharan African person and a white person.
- 2021 April 10, Alex Clark, “‘I’m 51, I can say what I want’: Leone Ross has overcome her fears”, in The Guardian:
- “People change countries for all kinds of reasons,” Ross tells me. “But at least one of them was that she had this light-skinned, mixed-race child who had already been called a zebra at school.”
- (informal) A fish, the zebra cichlid.
- Any of various papilionid butterflies of the subgenus Paranticopsis of the genus Graphium, having black and white markings.
- A zebra crossing.
- 2010, Mick Herron, Slow Horses, page 247:
- On his way home he'd picked up two economy-sized bags of tortilla chips, and had dropped both when a twat in a Lexus honked him on a zebra . . .
Usage notes edit
- (biracial person): The term zebra, as used in its pejorative sense, was popularized on the television situation comedy The Jeffersons. The term was used by the series protagonist, George Jefferson (Sherman Hemsley), to express disdain for his daughter-in-law, Jenny Willis Jefferson, whose father was white and mother was black.
Hyponyms edit
- (animal of genus Equus): Burchell's zebra, Grevy's zebra, quagga, plains zebra, mountain zebra
- (unlikely diagnosis): fascinoma
Derived terms edit
- Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii)
- Chapman's zebra (Equus quagga chapmani)
- common zebra (Equus quagga)
- Crawshay's zebra (Equus quagga crawshayi)
- Damaraland zebra (Equus quagga burchellii)
- Grant's zebra (Equus quagga boehmi)
- Grevy's zebra, Grévy's zebra (Equus grevyi)
- Hartmann's mountain zebra (Equus zebra hartmannae)
- maneless zebra (Equus quagga borensis)
- mountain zebra (Equus zebra)
- Persian zebra (Equus hermionus onager)
- plains zebra (Equus quagga
- Selous's zebra (Equus quagga selousi)
- zebra acara (Nannacara adoketa)
- zebra antelope (Cephalophus zebra)
- zebra blue butterfly (Leptotes plinius )
- zebra butterfly (Heliconius charithonia)
- zebra cake
- zebra caterpillar (Melanchra picta)
- zebra chip
- zebra cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)
- zebra crossing
- zebra danio (Danio rerio)
- zebra dove (Geopelia striata)
- zebra duiker (Cephalophus zebra)
- zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
- zebrafish, zebra fish (Danio rerio etc.)
- zebra giraffe (Okapia johnstoni)
- zebra haworthia (Haworthiopsis attenuata)
- zebraic
- zebralike
- zebra lionfish (Dendrochirus zebra)
- zebra mongoose (Mungos mungo)
- zebra mouse
- zebra mule
- zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
- zebra opossum (†Thylacinus cynocephalus)
- zebra parakeet
- zebra parrot (Melopsittacus undulatus)
- zebra plant
- zebra poison (Euphorbia arborea)
- zebra shark (Stegostoma fasciatum)
- zebra spider (Salticus scenicus)
- zebrass
- zebra striping
- zebra swallowtail (Protographium marcellus)
- zebra-tailed lizard, Callisaurus draconoides
- zebra turkeyfish (Dendrochirus zebra)
- zebra wolf (†Thylacinus cynocephalus)
- zebrawood (Microberlinia spp., etc.)
- zebrine
- zebroid
- zeedonk
- zeehorse
- zorse
- Zululand zebra (Equus quagga burchellii)
Translations edit
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See also edit
References edit
Anagrams edit
Basque edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra anim
Declension edit
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | zebra | zebra | zebrak |
ergative | zebrak | zebrak | zebrek |
dative | zebrari | zebrari | zebrei |
genitive | zebraren | zebraren | zebren |
comitative | zebrarekin | zebrarekin | zebrekin |
causative | zebrarengatik | zebrarengatik | zebrengatik |
benefactive | zebrarentzat | zebrarentzat | zebrentzat |
instrumental | zebraz | zebraz | zebrez |
inessive | zebrarengan | zebrarengan | zebrengan |
locative | — | — | — |
allative | zebrarengana | zebrarengana | zebrengana |
terminative | zebrarenganaino | zebrarenganaino | zebrenganaino |
directive | zebrarenganantz | zebrarenganantz | zebrenganantz |
destinative | zebrarenganako | zebrarenganako | zebrenganako |
ablative | zebrarengandik | zebrarengandik | zebrengandik |
partitive | zebrarik | — | — |
prolative | zebratzat | — | — |
Derived terms edit
- zebra-bide (“zebra crossing”)
Further reading edit
- “zebra”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “zebra”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Catalan atzebra, from Old Galician-Portuguese *ezevra, *ezevro.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Central) [ˈze.βɾə]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [ˈze.bɾə]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [ˈze.bɾa]
Audio: (file)
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebres)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “zebra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English zebra, from Italian zebra, from Portuguese zebra, zebro (“zebra”), from Old Galician-Portuguese enzebro, ezebra, azebra (“wild ass”), from earlier cebrario (882), ezebrario (897), from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”) (Pliny), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”).
Noun edit
zebra
Corsican edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese zebra (“wild horse”), from zebro, from Old Galician-Portuguese zevro, from *ezevro, from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin *equiferus, from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebre)
- Alternative form of zebru
References edit
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
Probably from Russian зебра (zebra), from Italian zebra
Noun edit
zebra
- zebra
- Synonym: qaşqalı at
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | zebra | zebralar |
genitive | zebranıñ | zebralarnıñ |
dative | zebrağa | zebralarğa |
accusative | zebranı | zebralarnı |
locative | zebrada | zebralarda |
ablative | zebradan | zebralardan |
References edit
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Noun edit
zebra c (singular definite zebraen, plural indefinite zebraer)
Declension edit
common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | zebra | zebraen | zebraer | zebraerne |
genitive | zebras | zebraens | zebraers | zebraernes |
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Portuguese zebra, from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”). The second sense is a shortening of zebrapad.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra m (plural zebra's, diminutive zebraatje n)
- A zebra, a black-and-white striped equid of the genus Equus; Equus zebra, Equus quagga or Equus grevyi. [from late 16th c.]
- A zebra crossing, a pedestrian crossing. [from mid 1950s.]
- Synonym: zebrapad
Hypernyms edit
- (pedestrian crossing): oversteekplaats
Hyponyms edit
- (zebra): quagga
Derived terms edit
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
zebra (accusative singular zebran, plural zebraj, accusative plural zebrajn)
Hypernyms edit
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra (plural zebrák)
- (biology) zebra (animal)
- (road transport) pedestrian crossing, crosswalk, zebra crossing
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | zebra | zebrák |
accusative | zebrát | zebrákat |
dative | zebrának | zebráknak |
instrumental | zebrával | zebrákkal |
causal-final | zebráért | zebrákért |
translative | zebrává | zebrákká |
terminative | zebráig | zebrákig |
essive-formal | zebraként | zebrákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | zebrában | zebrákban |
superessive | zebrán | zebrákon |
adessive | zebránál | zebráknál |
illative | zebrába | zebrákba |
sublative | zebrára | zebrákra |
allative | zebrához | zebrákhoz |
elative | zebrából | zebrákból |
delative | zebráról | zebrákról |
ablative | zebrától | zebráktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
zebráé | zebráké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
zebráéi | zebrákéi |
Possessive forms of zebra | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | zebrám | zebráim |
2nd person sing. | zebrád | zebráid |
3rd person sing. | zebrája | zebrái |
1st person plural | zebránk | zebráink |
2nd person plural | zebrátok | zebráitok |
3rd person plural | zebrájuk | zebráik |
Synonyms edit
- (crosswalk): gyalogátkelőhely
Derived terms edit
(Compound words):
Further reading edit
- zebra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Indonesian edit
Noun edit
zebra (first-person possessive zebraku, second-person possessive zebramu, third-person possessive zebranya)
- zebra
- zebra walk
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebre)
- zebra
- (in the plural, informal) zebra crossing/crosswalk
Kashubian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f
References edit
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “zebra”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[4]
Ladin edit
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebres)
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈze.bra/, [ˈd̪͡z̪ɛbrä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ze.bra/, [ˈd̪͡z̪ɛːbrä]
Noun edit
zebra f (genitive zebrae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | zebra | zebrae |
Genitive | zebrae | zebrārum |
Dative | zebrae | zebrīs |
Accusative | zebram | zebrās |
Ablative | zebrā | zebrīs |
Vocative | zebra | zebrae |
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Possibly ultimately from a Congolese name for the animal, via Portuguese, via some other European language. Possibly also ultimately from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”), via Portuguese and/or Italian.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f (4th declension)
- zebra (esp. Equus zebra)
Declension edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra f
- zebra (any equid of the subgenus Hippotigris)
- (colloquial) crosswalk, pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing (pedestrian crossing featuring broad white stripes)
- Synonyms: pasy, przejście dla pieszych
- black and white striped pattern
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Kashubian: zebra
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology 1 edit
From zebro, from Old Galician-Portuguese zebro, ezebro (“European wild ass”), from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”). Compare Spanish cebra.
Senses 2 and 3 of the word comes from the popular Brazilian betting game jogo do bicho, in which the animal is absent, therefore it is unlikely that a zebra will be drawn.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ze‧bra
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebras)
- zebra
- (Brazil, slang) A victorious competitor initially thought unlikely to win, especially in sports; an underdog
- Synonym: azarão
- Aquele time ganhou quando todo mundo pensou que ele iria perder, mas que zebra!
- That [soccer] team won when everyone else thought they were going to lose, what an underdog!
- (Brazil, slang) an unexpected result in a competition
- (Brazil, derogatory) idiot, stupid
- Synonym: burro
- (Brazil, informal) prison uniform
- (Portugal, informal) zebra crossing
- (Portugal, informal) vice, a bad habit
- (Beira) a type of lanky spinning top
- (motor racing) curb (line of flat curbstones on the corners of racing tracks)
- zebra pattern
- (obsolete) cow
Usage notes edit
- The gender of this Portuguese word is always feminine. When the gender of the being itself must be specified, use “zebra-macho” for male, and “zebra-fêmea” for female.
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:zebra.
Derived terms edit
- amboré-zebra (Gobiosoma hemigymnum)
- azebrar
- borboleta-zebra
- bótia-zebra (Botia striata)
- bromélia-zebra (Aechmea chantinii)
- cabrito-zebra (Cephalophus zebra)
- cascudo-zebra (Hypancistrus zebra)
- cirurgião-zebra (Acanthurus lineatus)
- dar zebra
- dourada-zebra (Brachyplatystoma juruense)
- galinha-zebra (Dendrochirus zebra)
- linguado-zebra (Gymnachirus nudus)
- mexilhão-zebra (Dreissena polymorpha)
- moreia-zebra (Gymnomuraena zebra)
- paleta-zebra (Branchiostegus semifasciatus)
- peixe-zebra
- planta-zebra
- tubarão-zebra (Stegostoma tigrinum)
- zebra-comum (Equus quagga)
- zebra-da-montanha (Equus zebra)
- zebra-da-planície (Equus quagga)
- zebra-de-burchell (Equus quagga burchellii)
- zebra-de-chapmann (Equus quagga chapmani)
- zebra-de-grant (Equus quagga boehmi)
- zebra-de-grevy (Equus grevyi)
- zebrado
- zebral
- zebralo
- zebrano
- zebrar
- zebrário
- zebrasno
- zebrino
- zebroide
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ze‧bra
Verb edit
zebra
- inflection of zebrar:
Further reading edit
- “zebra” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “zebra” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “zebra” in Dicionário Online de Português.
- “zebra” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “zebra” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “zebra” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Serbo-Croatian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zȅbra f (Cyrillic spelling зе̏бра)
Declension edit
Slovene edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zẹ̄bra f
Inflection edit
Feminine, a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | zébra | ||
gen. sing. | zébre | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
zébra | zébri | zébre |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
zébre | zéber | zéber |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
zébri | zébrama | zébram |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
zébro | zébri | zébre |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
zébri | zébrah | zébrah |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
zébro | zébrama | zébrami |
Further reading edit
- “zebra”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish edit
Noun edit
zebra f (plural zebras)
Further reading edit
- “zebra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
zebra c
Declension edit
Declension of zebra | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | zebra | zebran | zebror | zebrorna |
Genitive | zebras | zebrans | zebrors | zebrornas |
References edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
zebra (definite accusative zebrayı, plural zebralar)
Declension edit
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | zebra | |
Definite accusative | zebrayı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | zebra | zebralar |
Definite accusative | zebrayı | zebraları |
Dative | zebraya | zebralara |
Locative | zebrada | zebralarda |
Ablative | zebradan | zebralardan |
Genitive | zebranın | zebraların |
- English terms borrowed from Italian
- English terms derived from Italian
- English terms derived from Portuguese
- English terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- English terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɛbɹə
- Rhymes:English/ɛbɹə/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/iːbɹə
- Rhymes:English/iːbɹə/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Sports
- English slang
- en:Medicine
- English terms with quotations
- English vulgarities
- English derogatory terms
- English ethnic slurs
- English informal terms
- en:Cichlids
- en:Equids
- en:Swallowtails
- Basque terms borrowed from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from Spanish
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Basque terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Basque/ebra
- Rhymes:Basque/ebra/2 syllables
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque animate nouns
- eu:Equids
- Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms borrowed from Old Galician-Portuguese
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- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Catalan lemmas
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- ca:Equids
- Cebuano terms borrowed from English
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- ceb:Equids
- Corsican terms borrowed from Portuguese
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- Corsican terms derived from Vulgar Latin
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- Corsican terms with IPA pronunciation
- Corsican lemmas
- Corsican nouns
- Corsican feminine nouns
- Crimean Tatar terms borrowed from Russian
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Russian
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Italian
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar nouns
- crh:Equids
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Czech nouns with reducible stem
- cs:Equids
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish terms spelled with Z
- Danish common-gender nouns
- da:Equids
- Dutch terms borrowed from Portuguese
- Dutch terms derived from Portuguese
- Dutch terms derived from Vulgar Latin
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- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
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- Esperanto terms suffixed with -a
- Esperanto lemmas
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- eo:Equids
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/rɒ
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- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Biology
- hu:Road transport
- hu:Equids
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
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- Rhymes:Italian/ɛbra
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- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
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- it:Equids
- Kashubian terms derived from Italian
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- csb:Equids
- Ladin lemmas
- Ladin nouns
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- Latin 2-syllable words
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- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
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- New Latin
- la:Equids
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- lv:Equids
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- Polish terms derived from Portuguese
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- Polish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
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- Polish terms borrowed from French
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- Polish 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/ɛbra
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- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish colloquialisms
- pl:Equids
- pl:Roads
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
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- pt:Motor racing
- Portuguese terms with obsolete senses
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
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- pt:Equids
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Serbo-Croatian nouns
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- sh:Equids
- Slovene 2-syllable words
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- sl:Equids
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
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- Spanish terms spelled with ze or zi
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish terms spelled with Z
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- sv:Equids
- Turkish terms borrowed from Italian
- Turkish terms derived from Italian
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms with audio links
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Equids