árt
See also: Appendix:Variations of "art"
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Of debated origin.(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
árt
Conjugation edit
conjugation of árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ártok | ártasz | árt | ártunk | ártotok | ártanak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | ártottam | ártottál | ártott | ártottunk | ártottatok | ártottak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ártani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árték | ártál | árta | ártánk | ártátok | ártának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. árt vala, ártott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ártandok | ártandasz | ártand | ártandunk | ártandotok | ártandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ártanék | ártanál | ártana | ártanánk | ártanátok | ártanának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ártott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ártsak | árts or ártsál |
ártson | ártsunk | ártsatok | ártsanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ártott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ártani | ártanom | ártanod | ártania | ártanunk | ártanotok | ártaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ártás | ártó | ártott | ― | ártva (ártván) | |||||
potential conjugation of árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatok | árthatsz | árthat | árthatunk | árthattok | árthatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | árthattam | árthattál | árthatott | árthattunk | árthattatok | árthattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árthaték | árthatál | árthata | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. árthat vala, árthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | árthatandok or ártandhatok |
árthatandasz or ártandhatsz |
árthatand or ártandhat |
árthatandunk or ártandhatunk |
árthatandotok or ártandhattok |
árthatandanak or ártandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatnék | árthatnál | árthatna | árthatnánk | árthatnátok | árthatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. árthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | árthassak | árthass or árthassál |
árthasson | árthassunk | árthassatok | árthassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. árthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (árthatni) | (árthatnom) | (árthatnod) | (árthatnia) | (árthatnunk) | (árthatnotok) | (árthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (árthatva / árthatván) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
(Expressions):
Etymology 2 edit
Split from the obsolete át- variant of avat (“to let in on”).
Verb edit
árt
- (reflexively, as ártja magát, with definite conjugation) -ba/-be: to meddle in, interfere in, dabble in, involve oneself in, pry into, nose into
- Synonyms: avatkozik, beleavatkozik, kotnyeleskedik, belekotnyeleskedik, beleüti az orrát, vizslat
- Olyan ügybe ártod magad, amihez semmi közöd. ― You meddle in a matter that is none of your business.
Conjugation edit
conjugation of árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ártok | ártasz | árt | ártunk | ártotok | ártanak | |
Def. | ártom | ártod | ártja | ártjuk | ártjátok | ártják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ártottam | ártottál | ártott | ártottunk | ártottatok | ártottak | ||
Def. | ártottam | ártottad | ártotta | ártottuk | ártottátok | ártották | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ártani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árték | ártál | árta | ártánk | ártátok | ártának | ||
Def. | ártám | ártád | ártá | ártánk | ártátok | árták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. árt vala, ártott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ártandok | ártandasz | ártand | ártandunk | ártandotok | ártandanak | ||
Def. | ártandom | ártandod | ártandja | ártandjuk | ártandjátok | ártandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ártanék | ártanál | ártana | ártanánk | ártanátok | ártanának | |
Def. | ártanám | ártanád | ártaná | ártanánk (or ártanók) |
ártanátok | ártanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ártott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ártsak | árts or ártsál |
ártson | ártsunk | ártsatok | ártsanak | |
Def. | ártsam | ártsd or ártsad |
ártsa | ártsuk | ártsátok | ártsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ártott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ártani | ártanom | ártanod | ártania | ártanunk | ártanotok | ártaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ártás | ártó | ártott | ártandó | ártva (ártván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatok | árthatsz | árthat | árthatunk | árthattok | árthatnak | |
Def. | árthatom | árthatod | árthatja | árthatjuk | árthatjátok | árthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | árthattam | árthattál | árthatott | árthattunk | árthattatok | árthattak | ||
Def. | árthattam | árthattad | árthatta | árthattuk | árthattátok | árthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árthaték | árthatál | árthata | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthatának | ||
Def. | árthatám | árthatád | árthatá | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. árthat vala, árthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | árthatandok or ártandhatok |
árthatandasz or ártandhatsz |
árthatand or ártandhat |
árthatandunk or ártandhatunk |
árthatandotok or ártandhattok |
árthatandanak or ártandhatnak | ||
Def. | árthatandom or ártandhatom |
árthatandod or ártandhatod |
árthatandja or ártandhatja |
árthatandjuk or ártandhatjuk |
árthatandjátok or ártandhatjátok |
árthatandják or ártandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatandalak or ártandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatnék | árthatnál | árthatna | árthatnánk | árthatnátok | árthatnának | |
Def. | árthatnám | árthatnád | árthatná | árthatnánk (or árthatnók) |
árthatnátok | árthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. árthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | árthassak | árthass or árthassál |
árthasson | árthassunk | árthassatok | árthassanak | |
Def. | árthassam | árthasd or árthassad |
árthassa | árthassuk | árthassátok | árthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. árthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (árthatni) | (árthatnom) | (árthatnod) | (árthatnia) | (árthatnunk) | (árthatnotok) | (árthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ártható | Neg. adj. | árthatatlan | Adv. part. | (árthatva / árthatván) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
Further reading edit
- árt in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
- (to harm): árt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN