φιλύρα
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Strömberg surmises a compound of φίλος (phílos, “friend”) + ὕρον (húron, “swarm of bees”), because the linden attracts bees (compare Latin apium (“celery”) from apis (“bee”) and German Bienenbaum (“maple”) from Biene (“bee”)). The European lime tree is not native of Greece, so it is probably a substrate word, perhaps Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰi.lý.raː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰiˈly.ra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɸiˈly.ra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /fiˈly.ra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /fiˈli.ra/
Noun edit
φιλύρᾱ • (philúrā) f (genitive φιλύρᾱς); first declension
- linden, lime tree (Tilia europaea)
- bass underneath its bark
Declension edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ φιλύρᾱ hē philúrā |
τὼ φιλύρᾱ tṑ philúrā |
αἱ φιλύραι hai philúrai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς φιλύρᾱς tês philúrās |
τοῖν φιλύραιν toîn philúrain |
τῶν φιλυρῶν tôn philurôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ φιλύρᾳ têi philúrāi |
τοῖν φιλύραιν toîn philúrain |
ταῖς φιλύραις taîs philúrais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν φιλύρᾱν tḕn philúrān |
τὼ φιλύρᾱ tṑ philúrā |
τᾱ̀ς φιλύρᾱς tā̀s philúrās | ||||||||||
Vocative | φιλύρᾱ philúrā |
φιλύρᾱ philúrā |
φιλύραι philúrai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “φιλύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φιλύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- φιλύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN