икам
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
Of expressive origin, from ик (ik, “hic”) (onomatopoeia), и-и-и (i-i-i) (interjection) + -кам (-kam).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
и́кам • (íkam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective и́кна)
- (intransitive, colloquial) to repeatedly pronounce or yell a high-pitch interjection (similar to ew!, ick!)
- (intransitive, dialectal) to hiccup
- Synonym: хъ́лцам (hǎ́lcam)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of и́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | и́кащ íkašt |
и́кал, ика́л1 íkal, ikál1 |
и́кал íkal |
и́кан íkan |
и́кайки íkajki | |
| definite subject form | и́кащият íkaštijat |
и́калият, ика́лият1 íkalijat, ikálijat1 |
— | и́каният íkanijat | |||
| definite object form | и́кащия íkaštija |
и́калия, ика́лия1 íkalija, ikálija1 |
— | и́кания íkanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | и́каща íkašta |
и́кала, ика́ла1 íkala, ikála1 |
и́кала íkala |
и́кана íkana | ||
| definite | и́кащата íkaštata |
и́калата, ика́лата1 íkalata, ikálata1 |
— | и́каната íkanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | и́кащо íkašto |
и́кало, ика́ло1 íkalo, ikálo1 |
и́кало íkalo |
и́кано íkano |
и́кане íkane | |
| definite | и́кащото íkaštoto |
и́калото, ика́лото1 íkaloto, ikáloto1 |
— | и́каното íkanoto |
и́кането íkaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | и́кащи íkašti |
и́кали, ика́ли1 íkali, ikáli1 |
и́кали íkali |
и́кани íkani |
и́кания, и́канета íkanija, íkaneta | |
| definite | и́кащите íkaštite |
и́калите, ика́лите1 íkalite, ikálite1 |
— | и́каните íkanite |
и́канията, и́канетата íkanijata, íkanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | и́кам íkam |
и́каш íkaš |
и́ка íka |
и́каме íkame |
и́кате íkate |
и́кат íkat | |
| imperfect | и́ках íkah |
и́каше íkaše |
и́каше íkaše |
и́кахме íkahme |
и́кахте íkahte |
и́каха íkaha | |
| aorist | и́ках, ика́х1 íkah, ikáh1 |
и́ка, ика́1 íka, iká1 |
и́ка, ика́1 íka, iká1 |
и́кахме, ика́хме1 íkahme, ikáhme1 |
и́кахте, ика́хте1 íkahte, ikáhte1 |
и́каха, ика́ха1 íkaha, ikáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| и́кай íkaj |
и́кайте íkajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Coordinate terms edit
References edit
- “икам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Nayden Gerov (1897) “и́камь”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 325
Macedonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
икам • (ikam)
- first-person singular present of ика (ika)
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms suffixed with -кам
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio links
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian intransitive verbs
- Bulgarian colloquialisms
- Bulgarian dialectal terms
- Bulgarian transitive verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 3 verbs
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Macedonian non-lemma forms
- Macedonian verb forms