казак
Belarusian edit
Etymology edit
From Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ), from Turkic.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
каза́к • (kazák) m pers (genitive казака́, nominative plural казакі́, genitive plural казако́ў, feminine каза́чка)
Declension edit
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | каза́к kazák |
казакі́ kazakí |
| genitive | казака́ kazaká |
казако́ў kazakóŭ |
| dative | казаку́ kazakú |
казака́м kazakám |
| accusative | казака́ kazaká |
казако́ў kazakóŭ |
| instrumental | казако́м kazakóm |
казака́мі kazakámi |
| locative | казаку́ kazakú |
казака́х kazakáx |
| vocative | каза́ча kazáča |
— |
| count form | — | казакі́1 kazakí1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
References edit
- “казак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian каза́к (kazák) (cf. Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ)), of Kipchak origin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
каза́к • (kazák) m (feminine каза́чка)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
- каза́х (kazáh, “Kazakh”)
References edit
Kyrgyz edit
Etymology edit
From Old Turkic 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰸 (*qazǧaq, “profiteer”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣𐰢𐰴 (qazǧanmaq, “to acquire”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰢𐰴 (qazmaq, “to dig out”), from Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-. More at Kazakhs.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
казак • (kazak)
- Kazakh (pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language)
Noun edit
казак • (kazak) (Arabic spelling قازاق)
- Kazakh (by ethnicity)
Declension edit
| singular (жекелик) |
plural (көптөгөн) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (атооч) | казак kazak |
казактар kazaktar |
| genitive (илик) | казактын kazaktın |
казактардын kazaktardın |
| dative (барыш) | казакка kazakka |
казактарга kazaktarga |
| accusative (табыш) | казакты kazaktı |
казактарды kazaktardı |
| locative (жатыш) | казакта kazakta |
казактарда kazaktarda |
| ablative (чыгыш) | казактан kazaktan |
казактардан kazaktardan |
| possessive forms | ||
| first-person singular (менин) | ||
| nominative | казакым kazakım |
казактарым kazaktarım |
| genitive | казакымдын kazakımdın |
казактарымдын kazaktarımdın |
| dative | казакыма kazakıma |
казактарыма kazaktarıma |
| accusative | казакымды kazakımdı |
казактарымды kazaktarımdı |
| locative | казакымда kazakımda |
казактарымда kazaktarımda |
| ablative | казакымдан kazakımdan |
казактарымдан kazaktarımdan |
| second-person singular informal (сенин) | ||
| nominative | казакың kazakıŋ |
казактарың kazaktarıŋ |
| genitive | казакыңдын kazakıŋdın |
казактарыңдын kazaktarıŋdın |
| dative | казакыңа kazakıŋa |
казактарыңа kazaktarıŋa |
| accusative | казакыңды kazakıŋdı |
казактарыңды kazaktarıŋdı |
| locative | казакыңда kazakıŋda |
казактарыңда kazaktarıŋda |
| ablative | казакыңдан kazakıŋdan |
казактарыңдан kazaktarıŋdan |
| second-person singular formal (сиздин) | ||
| nominative | казакыңыз kazakıŋız |
казактарыңыз kazaktarıŋız |
| genitive | казакыңыздын kazakıŋızdın |
казактарыңыздын kazaktarıŋızdın |
| dative | казакыңызга kazakıŋızga |
казактарыңызга kazaktarıŋızga |
| accusative | казакыңызды kazakıŋızdı |
казактарыңызды kazaktarıŋızdı |
| locative | казакыңызда kazakıŋızda |
казактарыңызда kazaktarıŋızda |
| ablative | казакыңыздан kazakıŋızdan |
казактарыңыздан kazaktarıŋızdan |
Derived terms edit
- казакча (kazakca)
- Казакстан (Kazakstan)
- казакстандык (kazakstandık)
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- коза́к (kozák)
- коза́къ (kozák) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ). Cognate to каза́х (kazáx, “Kazakh”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive казака́, nominative plural казаки́ or каза́ки*, genitive plural казако́в or каза́ков*, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́чий or каза́цкий, diminutive казачо́к, pejorative казачи́шка) (* dated, uncommon)
Usage notes edit
- The older norm for "Cossack" was "коза́къ" (before 1918) and "коза́к" (until around the 1960s), and the older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the standard spelling for "Cossack" is only "каза́к", with two different stress patterns (b and d), e.g. plural "казаки́" or "каза́ки". For "Kazakh", only "каза́х" is the correct form, with stress pattern "a". According to Vasmer, "каза́ки" (stress pattern d) was influenced by Polish.
Declension edit
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | каза́к kazák |
казаки́, каза́ки* kazakí, kazáki* |
| genitive | казака́ kazaká |
казако́в, каза́ков* kazakóv, kazákov* |
| dative | казаку́ kazakú |
казака́м, каза́кам* kazakám, kazákam* |
| accusative | казака́ kazaká |
казако́в, каза́ков* kazakóv, kazákov* |
| instrumental | казако́м kazakóm |
казака́ми, каза́ками* kazakámi, kazákami* |
| prepositional | казаке́ kazaké |
казака́х, каза́ках* kazakáx, kazákax* |
| vocative | каза́че kazáče |
* Dated, uncommon.
Descendants edit
- → Aleut: Kasakax̂
- → Danish: kosak
- → Finnish: kasakka
- → Ingrian: kazakka
- → Kamassian: кхазакх (kʰazakʰ)
- → Romanian: cazac
- → Proto-Samic:
- Kildin Sami: kаs (kas, “servant”)
- → Yup'ik: kass'aq
Noun edit
каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive каза́ка, nominative plural каза́ки, genitive plural каза́ков, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́кский)
Usage notes edit
- The older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the correct form is only "каза́х", with stress pattern "a".
Declension edit
References edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “казак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress