туча
See also: тѫча
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *tǫča, probably originally meaning precipitation, downpour (compare Old Church Slavonic тѫча (tǫča, “downpour”)). Cognate with Serbo-Croatian туча (“hail”), Slovene tọ́ča (“blizzard”) (dialectal), Russian ту́ча (túča, “rainy cloud”), Polish tęcza (“rainbow”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ту́ча • (túča) f
- (obsolescent, dialectal) heavy rainfall, inundation, flood
- Synonyms: поро́й (porój), наводне́ние (navodnénie)
Declension edit
Declension of ту́ча
| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | ту́ча túča |
| definite | ту́чата túčata |
Derived terms edit
- ту́чен (túčen, “rich, abundant, overloaded”)
See also edit
- туч (tuč, “casted iron”) (dialectal, unrelated)
References edit
- тѫча in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ту́чꙗ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 386
Old East Slavic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *tǫ̀ča.
Pronunciation edit
- (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ˈtut͡ɕɑ/
- (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ˈtut͡ɕa/
- (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈtut͡ɕa/
- Hyphenation: ту‧ча
Noun edit
туча (tuča) f
Declension edit
Declension of туча (soft a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | туча tuča |
тучи tuči |
тучѣ tučě |
| Genitive | тучѣ tučě |
тучу tuču |
тучь tučĭ |
| Dative | тучи tuči |
тучама tučama |
тучамъ tučamŭ |
| Accusative | тучѫ tučǫ |
тучи tuči |
тучѣ tučě |
| Instrumental | тучеѭ tučejǫ |
тучама tučama |
тучами tučami |
| Locative | тучи tuči |
тучу tuču |
тучахъ tučaxŭ |
| Vocative | туче tuče |
тучи tuči |
тучѣ tučě |
Descendants edit
References edit
- Nikolaev, Sergei L. (2020) «Слово о полку Игореве»: реконструкция стихотворного текста [“The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”: reconstruction of a poetic text][2] (in Russian), Moscow, Saint-Petersburg: Nestor-History, →ISBN, page 307
Russian edit
Etymology edit
From Old East Slavic туча (tuča), from Proto-Slavic *tǫča, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to contract”). Compare the Slavic Old Church Slavonic тѫча (tǫča), Ukrainian ту́ча (túča), Polish tęcza and the Non-Slavic Gothic 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍈𐍉𐌽 (þeiƕōn) and Old Norse þéttr.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ту́ча • (túča) f inan (genitive ту́чи, nominative plural ту́чи, genitive plural туч, relational adjective тучево́й, diminutive ту́чка)
- (meteorology) rain cloud; dark, heavy cloud
- Не́бо затянуто ту́чами. ― Nébo zatjanuto túčami. ― The sky is overcast.
- На не́бе собира́ются ту́чи. ― Na nébe sobirájutsja túči. ― Rain clouds are gathering in the sky.
- грозова́я ту́ча ― grozovája túča ― storm cloud
- ту́чи сгуща́ются (над ке́м-либо)
- túči sguščájutsja (nad kém-libo)
- storm clouds are gathering (over someone)
- как ту́ча ― kak túča ― gloomy, morose (about a person)
- 2005, Андрей Юрьевич Курков (Andrey Yuryevich Kurkov), chapter 2, in Закон улитки [The Snail Law]; translated as George Bird, transl., Penguin Lost, 2010:
- Ту́чи постепе́нно превраща́лись в облака́ и́ли происходи́л како́й-то друго́й труднообъясни́мый для непосвящённых климати́ческий фено́мен. Прогресси́рующая дистрофи́я туч. Они́ ведь и с са́мого нача́ла показа́лись Ви́ктору скоре́е декора́цией, чем предве́стниками ли́вня. Ту́чи бы́ли импоте́нтны, а импоте́нтные ту́чи зову́тся облака́ми, и ве́тер их обы́чно раста́скивает по не́бу до по́лного исчезнове́ния.
- Túči postepénno prevraščálisʹ v oblaká íli proisxodíl kakój-to drugój trudnoobʺjasnímyj dlja neposvjaščónnyx klimatíčeskij fenómen. Progressírujuščaja/progrɛssírujuščaja distrofíja tuč. Oní vedʹ i s sámovo načála pokazálisʹ Víktoru skoréje dekorácijej, čem predvéstnikami lívnja. Túči býli impoténtny, a impoténtnyje/impotɛ́ntnyje túči zovútsja oblakámi, i véter ix obýčno rastáskivajet po nébu do pólnovo isčeznovénija.
- The storm clouds gradually turned into [ordinary] clouds, or some other climatic phenomenon took place, inexplicable to the uninitiated. A progressive dystrophy of storm clouds. From the very beginning they had seemed to Viktor decorations rather than harbingers of downpours. The storm clouds were impotent, and impotent storm clouds are [merely] called clouds, and the wind ordinarily drags them across the sky until they completely disappear.
- (figuratively) moving multitude; cloud, host
- ту́чи враго́в ― túči vragóv ― swarms of enemies
Declension edit
Related terms edit
- ту́чный (túčnyj)
Descendants edit
- → Ingrian: tuuca
See also edit
- ху́ева ту́ча (xújeva túča)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ту̏ча f (Latin spelling tȕča)
Declension edit
Ukrainian edit
Etymology edit
From Old East Slavic туча (tuča), from Proto-Slavic *tǫča, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to contract”). Compare the Slavic Old Church Slavonic тѫча (tǫča), Russian ту́ча (túča), Polish tęcza and the Non-Slavic Gothic 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍈𐍉𐌽 (þeiƕōn) and Old Norse þéttr.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ту́ча • (túča) f inan (genitive ту́чі, nominative plural ту́чі, genitive plural туч)
- (meteorology) dark cloud, heavy cloud, rain cloud
- (figuratively, rare) cloud, mass (group or swarm)
Declension edit
Declension of ту́ча (inan semisoft fem-form accent-a)
Further reading edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “туча”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “туча”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “туча”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “туча”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “туча”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “туча”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)