שכר
See also: שׂכר
Hebrew edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Root |
|---|
| שׂ־כ־ר (ś-k-r) |
Verb edit
שָׂכַר • (sakhár) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִשְׂכַּר)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of שָׂכַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
| non-finite forms |
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| finite forms | singular | plural | |||
| m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
| past | first | שָׂכַרְתִּי | שָׂכַרְנוּ | ||
| second | שָׂכַרְתָּ | שָׂכַרְתְּ | שְׂכַרְתֶּם1 | שְׂכַרְתֶּן1 | |
| third | שָׂכַר | שָׂכְרָה | שָׂכְרוּ | ||
| present | שׂוֹכֵר | שׂוֹכֶרֶת | שׂוֹכְרִים | שׂוֹכְרוֹת | |
| future | first | אשכור / אֶשְׂכֹּר | נשכור / נִשְׂכֹּר | ||
| second | תשכור / תִּשְׂכֹּר | תִּשְׂכְּרִי | תִּשְׂכְּרוּ | תשכורנה / תִּשְׂכֹּרְנָה2 | |
| third | ישכור / יִשְׂכֹּר | תשכור / תִּשְׂכֹּר | יִשְׂכְּרוּ | תשכורנה / תִּשְׂכֹּרְנָה2 | |
| imperative | שכור / שְׂכֹר | שִׂכְרִי | שִׂכְרוּ | שכורנה / שְׂכֹרְנָה2 | |
| notes |
| ||||
Noun edit
שָׂכָר • (sakhár) m (no plural forms, singular construct שְׂכַר־) [pattern: קָטָל]
- wage, salary
- שכר המינימום ― skhar-hamínimum ― the minimum wage
- payment
- reward
- fee
- שכר דירה ― skhar-dirá ― rent (literally apartment fee)
- שכר לימוד ― skhar-limúd ― tuition (literally study fee)
Synonyms edit
- (reward): פְּרָס
Descendants edit
- → Yiddish: שׂכר (skhar)
Noun edit
שֶׂכֶר • (sékher) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]
Further reading edit
Etymology 2 edit
| Root |
|---|
| שׁ־כ־ר (š-k-r) |
From Proto-Semitic *šikar- (“alcoholic drink”). Compare Arabic سَكِرَ (sakira, “to get drunk, to become intoxicated”) and سَكَر (sakar, “intoxicant, wine”).
Verb edit
שָׁכַר • (shakhár) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)
- to be or become drunk
Noun edit
שֵׁכָר • (shekhár) m
- liquor, intoxicating drink
- 13th century, anonymous poet, quoted in Yehuda Alharizi, Sefer Tahkemoni:
- לו שר בנו־עמרם פני דודי מתאדמים העת שתות שכר,
ויפי קצותיו והוד יופיו, לא חק בתורתו: ואת זכר.- Had the son of Amram seen the face of my beloved reddened from the foolishness of liquor,
and the beauty of his extremities and the majesty of his beauty, he would not have written in his Torah: "and with a man [do not lie]".
- Had the son of Amram seen the face of my beloved reddened from the foolishness of liquor,
- 13th century, anonymous poet, quoted in Yehuda Alharizi, Sefer Tahkemoni:
Descendants edit
- → Ancient Greek: σίκερα (síkera)
- → Latin: sīcera
- → Middle English: ciser, siser, cisar, seser, cyser, sicer, syser, cisere
- → English: cyser
- Old French: cisdre, sidre
- → Middle English: ciser, siser, cisar, seser, cyser, sicer, syser, cisere
- → Latin: sīcera
Verb edit
שִׁכֵּר • (shikér) third-singular masculine past (pi'el construction)