تیر
Chagatai edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”).
Noun edit
تیر (ter)
Descendants edit
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠 (ḥtyʾ), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HTYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (tgl), 𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡 (tygr /tigr, tīr/, “arrow”), from Old Persian [Term?], compare 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼 (t-i-g-r /tigraʰ/, “sharp”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌 (tiγri, “arrow”), 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “sharp”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [tiːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰiːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰiɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | tīr |
Dari reading? | tīr |
Iranian reading? | tir |
Tajik reading? | tir |
Noun edit
Dari | تیر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | тир |
تیر • (tir) (plural تیرها (tir-hâ))
- arrow
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 118:
- گفت آری موی ابرو شد کمان
سوی تو افکند تیری از گمان- guft ārī mōy-i abrū šud kamān
sōy-i tū afkand tīr-ē az gumān - “Yes,” said ‘Umar, “the hair of thine eyebrow had become like a bow
and shot at thee an arrow of opinion.”
- guft ārī mōy-i abrū šud kamān
- bullet
- dart
- (mechanics, engineering) beam
- pole
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Bengali: তীর (tir)
- Rohingya: tir
- Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kurdish:
- → Ottoman Turkish: تیر (tir)
- → Punjabi:
- → Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)
- Tajik: тир (tir)
References edit
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “tigr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 83
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Persian [script needed] (tyl /Tīr/, “a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”). Compare Old Armenian Տիր (Tir), տրէ (trē), Iranian borrowings.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [tiːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰiːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰiɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | tīr |
Dari reading? | tīr |
Iranian reading? | tir |
Tajik reading? | tir |
Proper noun edit
Dari | تیر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | Тир |
تیر • (tir)
- Tir, the fourth month of the solar Persian calendar.
- Name of the thirteenth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar.
- (astronomy) Mercury (planet)
Synonyms edit
- (Mercury): عطارد ('otâred)
See also edit
- (planets of the Solar System) سیارههای منظومه شمسی (sayyâre-hâ-ye manzume-ye šamsi); تیر (tir), ناهید (nâhid), زمین (zamin), مریخ (merrix), مشتری (moštari), زحل (zohal), اورانوس (urânus), نپتون (neptun)
References edit
- Eilers, Wilhelm (1976) Sinn und Herkunft der Planetennamen (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften: Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte; 1975.5)[1] (in German), Munich: Verl. der Bayerischen Akad. der Wiss., pages 43–50
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “Tīr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 83
Urdu edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).
Noun edit
تیر • (tīr) f (Hindi spelling तीर)
Etymology 3 edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).
Noun edit
تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)
Etymology 4 edit
From Sanskrit तीरित (tīrita), from root तरति (tarati).