جوف
Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From the root ج و ف (j-w-f). The sense “inner” suggests a relation with Egyptian jwf (“flesh”) since the flesh is in the “inner” part of the body. Compare Hebrew גוף (guf, “body”).
Noun edit
جَوْف • (jawf) m (plural أَجْوَاف (ʔajwāf))
- hollow, cavity, depression
- interior, inner
- 1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:
- فاغرة (var. فاكرة).
الماهية: حب يشبه الحمص له حب كالمحلب وفي جوفه حب أسود كالشهدانج يحمل من السفالة.
الطبع: حارة يابسة في الثالثة.
الخواص: فيها تحليل وقبض.
أعضاء الغذاء: يدخل في الأدوية المصلحة للمعدة والكبد الباردتين وينفع من سوء الاستمراء البارد.
أعضاء النفض: ينفع من الإسهال البارد ويعقل البطن.- Sichuan pepper:
Its essence: The fruit resembles chickpeas, it has fruits like mahaleb cherry, and in its inner there is a black fruit like hempseed, born from below.
Its nature: Hot and dry in the third degree.
Its peculiarities: In it there is discharging and constipation.
Alimentary organs: It is put into drugs by reason of availing the stomach and the liver when they are cold and it is useful against calamities of cold appetite.
Excretory organs: It helps against cold diarrhoea and constricts the belly.
- Sichuan pepper:
- belly, abdomen
- a. 625, الأعشى [al-ʾaʿšā], edited by Geyer, Rudolf, Zwei Gedichte von Al-ʾAʿšâ (Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Philosophisch-historische Klasse; 149/6)[1], volume Mâ Bukâʾu, Wien: In Kommission bei Carl Gerold’s Sohn, published 1905, page 100:
- (Northwest Africa, al-Andalus) north
- Synonym: شَمَال (šamāl)
- verbal noun of جَافَ (jāfa, “to be hollow; to reach the interior of”) (form I)
Declension edit
Declension of noun جَوْف (jawf)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَوْف jawf |
الْجَوْف al-jawf |
جَوْف jawf |
Nominative | جَوْفٌ jawfun |
الْجَوْفُ al-jawfu |
جَوْفُ jawfu |
Accusative | جَوْفًا jawfan |
الْجَوْفَ al-jawfa |
جَوْفَ jawfa |
Genitive | جَوْفٍ jawfin |
الْجَوْفِ al-jawfi |
جَوْفِ jawfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جَوْفَيْن jawfayn |
الْجَوْفَيْن al-jawfayn |
جَوْفَيْ jawfay |
Nominative | جَوْفَانِ jawfāni |
الْجَوْفَانِ al-jawfāni |
جَوْفَا jawfā |
Accusative | جَوْفَيْنِ jawfayni |
الْجَوْفَيْنِ al-jawfayni |
جَوْفَيْ jawfay |
Genitive | جَوْفَيْنِ jawfayni |
الْجَوْفَيْنِ al-jawfayni |
جَوْفَيْ jawfay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَجْوَاف ʔajwāf |
الْأَجْوَاف al-ʔajwāf |
أَجْوَاف ʔajwāf |
Nominative | أَجْوَافٌ ʔajwāfun |
الْأَجْوَافُ al-ʔajwāfu |
أَجْوَافُ ʔajwāfu |
Accusative | أَجْوَافًا ʔajwāfan |
الْأَجْوَافَ al-ʔajwāfa |
أَجْوَافَ ʔajwāfa |
Genitive | أَجْوَافٍ ʔajwāfin |
الْأَجْوَافِ al-ʔajwāfi |
أَجْوَافِ ʔajwāfi |
Derived terms edit
- جَوْفِيّ (jawfiyy, “inner; northern”)
- جَوْفَانِيّ (jawfāniyy, “gourmand, glutton”)
Verb edit
جَوَّفَ • (jawwafa) II, non-past يُجَوِّفُ (yujawwifu)
- to hollow out
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
جَوَّفَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tajwīf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mujawwif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mujawwaf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jawwaftu |
jawwafta |
جَوَّفَ jawwafa |
jawwaftumā |
jawwafā |
jawwafnā |
jawwaftum |
jawwafū | |||
f | jawwafti |
jawwafat |
jawwafatā |
jawwaftunna |
jawwafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔujawwifu |
tujawwifu |
yujawwifu |
tujawwifāni |
yujawwifāni |
nujawwifu |
tujawwifūna |
yujawwifūna | |||
f | tujawwifīna |
tujawwifu |
tujawwifāni |
tujawwifna |
yujawwifna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔujawwifa |
tujawwifa |
yujawwifa |
tujawwifā |
yujawwifā |
nujawwifa |
tujawwifū |
yujawwifū | |||
f | tujawwifī |
tujawwifa |
tujawwifā |
tujawwifna |
yujawwifna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔujawwif |
tujawwif |
yujawwif |
tujawwifā |
yujawwifā |
nujawwif |
tujawwifū |
yujawwifū | |||
f | tujawwifī |
tujawwif |
tujawwifā |
tujawwifna |
yujawwifna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | جَوِّفْ jawwif |
jawwifā |
jawwifū |
||||||||
f | jawwifī |
jawwifna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | juwwiftu |
juwwifta |
جُوِّفَ juwwifa |
juwwiftumā |
juwwifā |
juwwifnā |
juwwiftum |
juwwifū | |||
f | juwwifti |
juwwifat |
juwwifatā |
juwwiftunna |
juwwifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔujawwafu |
tujawwafu |
yujawwafu |
tujawwafāni |
yujawwafāni |
nujawwafu |
tujawwafūna |
yujawwafūna | |||
f | tujawwafīna |
tujawwafu |
tujawwafāni |
tujawwafna |
yujawwafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔujawwafa |
tujawwafa |
yujawwafa |
tujawwafā |
yujawwafā |
nujawwafa |
tujawwafū |
yujawwafū | |||
f | tujawwafī |
tujawwafa |
tujawwafā |
tujawwafna |
yujawwafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔujawwaf |
tujawwaf |
yujawwaf |
tujawwafā |
yujawwafā |
nujawwaf |
tujawwafū |
yujawwafū | |||
f | tujawwafī |
tujawwaf |
tujawwafā |
tujawwafna |
yujawwafna |
Verb edit
جَوِفَ • (jawifa) I, non-past يَجْوَفُ (yajwafu)
- (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) to be hollow, to be concave
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
جَوِفَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun جَوَف)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
جَوَف jawaf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
jāwif | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jawiftu |
jawifta |
جَوِفَ jawifa |
jawiftumā |
jawifā |
jawifnā |
jawiftum |
jawifū | |||
f | jawifti |
jawifat |
jawifatā |
jawiftunna |
jawifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔajwafu |
tajwafu |
yajwafu |
tajwafāni |
yajwafāni |
najwafu |
tajwafūna |
yajwafūna | |||
f | tajwafīna |
tajwafu |
tajwafāni |
tajwafna |
yajwafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔajwafa |
tajwafa |
yajwafa |
tajwafā |
yajwafā |
najwafa |
tajwafū |
yajwafū | |||
f | tajwafī |
tajwafa |
tajwafā |
tajwafna |
yajwafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔajwaf |
tajwaf |
yajwaf |
tajwafā |
yajwafā |
najwaf |
tajwafū |
yajwafū | |||
f | tajwafī |
tajwaf |
tajwafā |
tajwafna |
yajwafna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ijwaf |
ijwafā |
ijwafū |
||||||||
f | ijwafī |
ijwafna |
Noun edit
جَوَف • (jawaf) m
- verbal noun of جَوِفَ (jawifa) (form I)
Declension edit
Declension of noun جَوَف (jawaf)
Adjective edit
جُوف • (jūf) m pl