Wiktionary

قرظ

See also: قرط and فرط

Arabic edit

 
قَرَظ
 قَرَظ on Arabic Wikipedia

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-West Semitic, cognate to Aramaic קרטא / ܩܷܪܱܛܳܐ (qerraṭṭā, “acacia; carob”), and Ancient Greek κεράτιον (kerátion, “carob tree”), matched to the Semitic. This tree is important for tanning and dying, hence the meaning of “to eulogize”.

According to Löw the Syriac word is from Arabic and the Arabic from Greek, but a borrowing of ظ (ẓ) is hard (save from South Semitic). and the Greek gives regularly already existing قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ).

Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou considers a borrowing from Egyptian ꜣqrw (“a tree the fruits of which are used officinally”) with an added second element, compare نَبَق (nabaq) where the same seems to have happened.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

قَرَظ • (qaraẓ) m (collective, singulative قَرَظَة f (qaraẓa))

  1. Acacia spp. or Vachellia spp., especially Vachellia nilotica and Acacia etbaica syn. Vachellia etbaica, and especially its leaves or pods
    Synonyms: طَلْح (ṭalḥ), سَنْط (sanṭ)

Declension edit

Declension of noun قَرَظ (qaraẓ)
Collective basic collective triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَرَظ
qaraẓ 		الْقَرَظ
al-qaraẓ 		قَرَظ
qaraẓ
Nominative قَرَظٌ
qaraẓun 		الْقَرَظُ
al-qaraẓu 		قَرَظُ
qaraẓu
Accusative قَرَظًا
qaraẓan 		الْقَرَظَ
al-qaraẓa 		قَرَظَ
qaraẓa
Genitive قَرَظٍ
qaraẓin 		الْقَرَظِ
al-qaraẓi 		قَرَظِ
qaraẓi
Singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَرَظَة
qaraẓa 		الْقَرَظَة
al-qaraẓa 		قَرَظَة
qaraẓat
Nominative قَرَظَةٌ
qaraẓatun 		الْقَرَظَةُ
al-qaraẓatu 		قَرَظَةُ
qaraẓatu
Accusative قَرَظَةً
qaraẓatan 		الْقَرَظَةَ
al-qaraẓata 		قَرَظَةَ
qaraẓata
Genitive قَرَظَةٍ
qaraẓatin 		الْقَرَظَةِ
al-qaraẓati 		قَرَظَةِ
qaraẓati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَرَظَتَيْن
qaraẓatayn 		الْقَرَظَتَيْن
al-qaraẓatayn 		قَرَظَتَيْ
qaraẓatay
Nominative قَرَظَتَانِ
qaraẓatāni 		الْقَرَظَتَانِ
al-qaraẓatāni 		قَرَظَتَا
qaraẓatā
Accusative قَرَظَتَيْنِ
qaraẓatayni 		الْقَرَظَتَيْنِ
al-qaraẓatayni 		قَرَظَتَيْ
qaraẓatay
Genitive قَرَظَتَيْنِ
qaraẓatayni 		الْقَرَظَتَيْنِ
al-qaraẓatayni 		قَرَظَتَيْ
qaraẓatay
Paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَرَظَات
qaraẓāt 		الْقَرَظَات
al-qaraẓāt 		قَرَظَات
qaraẓāt
Nominative قَرَظَاتٌ
qaraẓātun 		الْقَرَظَاتُ
al-qaraẓātu 		قَرَظَاتُ
qaraẓātu
Accusative قَرَظَاتٍ
qaraẓātin 		الْقَرَظَاتِ
al-qaraẓāti 		قَرَظَاتِ
qaraẓāti
Genitive قَرَظَاتٍ
qaraẓātin 		الْقَرَظَاتِ
al-qaraẓāti 		قَرَظَاتِ
qaraẓāti

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • → Classical Syriac: ܩܪܕ (qrḏ)

Verb edit

قَرَظَ • (qaraẓa) I, non-past يَقْرِظُ‎ (yaqriẓu)

  1. to tan or dye with قَرَظ (qaraẓ)
  2. to pluck the leaves or pods قَرَظ (qaraẓ)

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of
قَرَظَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun قَرْظ)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
قَرْظ

qarẓ
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
qāriẓ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maqrūẓ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
qaraẓtu
qaraẓta
قَرَظَ

qaraẓa
qaraẓtumā
qaraẓā
qaraẓnā
qaraẓtum
qaraẓū
f
qaraẓti
qaraẓat
qaraẓatā
qaraẓtunna
qaraẓna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔaqriẓu
taqriẓu
yaqriẓu
taqriẓāni
yaqriẓāni
naqriẓu
taqriẓūna
yaqriẓūna
f
taqriẓīna
taqriẓu
taqriẓāni
taqriẓna
yaqriẓna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔaqriẓa
taqriẓa
yaqriẓa
taqriẓā
yaqriẓā
naqriẓa
taqriẓū
yaqriẓū
f
taqriẓī
taqriẓa
taqriẓā
taqriẓna
yaqriẓna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔaqriẓ
taqriẓ
yaqriẓ
taqriẓā
yaqriẓā
naqriẓ
taqriẓū
yaqriẓū
f
taqriẓī
taqriẓ
taqriẓā
taqriẓna
yaqriẓna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
iqriẓ
iqriẓā
iqriẓū
f
iqriẓī
iqriẓna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
quriẓtu
quriẓta
قُرِظَ

quriẓa
quriẓtumā
quriẓā
quriẓnā
quriẓtum
quriẓū
f
quriẓti
quriẓat
quriẓatā
quriẓtunna
quriẓna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔuqraẓu
tuqraẓu
yuqraẓu
tuqraẓāni
yuqraẓāni
nuqraẓu
tuqraẓūna
yuqraẓūna
f
tuqraẓīna
tuqraẓu
tuqraẓāni
tuqraẓna
yuqraẓna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔuqraẓa
tuqraẓa
yuqraẓa
tuqraẓā
yuqraẓā
nuqraẓa
tuqraẓū
yuqraẓū
f
tuqraẓī
tuqraẓa
tuqraẓā
tuqraẓna
yuqraẓna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔuqraẓ
tuqraẓ
yuqraẓ
tuqraẓā
yuqraẓā
nuqraẓ
tuqraẓū
yuqraẓū
f
tuqraẓī
tuqraẓ
tuqraẓā
tuqraẓna
yuqraẓna

Verb edit

قَرَّظَ • (qarraẓa) II, non-past يُقَرِّظُ‎ (yuqarriẓu)

  1. to praise, to eulogize, to commend

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of
قَرَّظَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taqrīẓ
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
muqarriẓ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
muqarraẓ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
qarraẓtu
qarraẓta
قَرَّظَ

qarraẓa
qarraẓtumā
qarraẓā
qarraẓnā
qarraẓtum
qarraẓū
f
qarraẓti
qarraẓat
qarraẓatā
qarraẓtunna
qarraẓna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔuqarriẓu
tuqarriẓu
yuqarriẓu
tuqarriẓāni
yuqarriẓāni
nuqarriẓu
tuqarriẓūna
yuqarriẓūna
f
tuqarriẓīna
tuqarriẓu
tuqarriẓāni
tuqarriẓna
yuqarriẓna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔuqarriẓa
tuqarriẓa
yuqarriẓa
tuqarriẓā
yuqarriẓā
nuqarriẓa
tuqarriẓū
yuqarriẓū
f
tuqarriẓī
tuqarriẓa
tuqarriẓā
tuqarriẓna
yuqarriẓna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔuqarriẓ
tuqarriẓ
yuqarriẓ
tuqarriẓā
yuqarriẓā
nuqarriẓ
tuqarriẓū
yuqarriẓū
f
tuqarriẓī
tuqarriẓ
tuqarriẓā
tuqarriẓna
yuqarriẓna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
قَرِّظْ

qarriẓ
qarriẓā
qarriẓū
f
qarriẓī
qarriẓna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
qurriẓtu
qurriẓta
قُرِّظَ

qurriẓa
qurriẓtumā
qurriẓā
qurriẓnā
qurriẓtum
qurriẓū
f
qurriẓti
qurriẓat
qurriẓatā
qurriẓtunna
qurriẓna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔuqarraẓu
tuqarraẓu
yuqarraẓu
tuqarraẓāni
yuqarraẓāni
nuqarraẓu
tuqarraẓūna
yuqarraẓūna
f
tuqarraẓīna
tuqarraẓu
tuqarraẓāni
tuqarraẓna
yuqarraẓna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔuqarraẓa
tuqarraẓa
yuqarraẓa
tuqarraẓā
yuqarraẓā
nuqarraẓa
tuqarraẓū
yuqarraẓū
f
tuqarraẓī
tuqarraẓa
tuqarraẓā
tuqarraẓna
yuqarraẓna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔuqarraẓ
tuqarraẓ
yuqarraẓ
tuqarraẓā
yuqarraẓā
nuqarraẓ
tuqarraẓū
yuqarraẓū
f
tuqarraẓī
tuqarraẓ
tuqarraẓā
tuqarraẓna
yuqarraẓna

Noun edit

قَرْظ • (qarẓ) m

  1. verbal noun of قَرَظَ (qaraẓa) (form I)

Declension edit

Declension of noun قَرْظ (qarẓ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَرْظ
qarẓ 		الْقَرْظ
al-qarẓ 		قَرْظ
qarẓ
Nominative قَرْظٌ
qarẓun 		الْقَرْظُ
al-qarẓu 		قَرْظُ
qarẓu
Accusative قَرْظًا
qarẓan 		الْقَرْظَ
al-qarẓa 		قَرْظَ
qarẓa
Genitive قَرْظٍ
qarẓin 		الْقَرْظِ
al-qarẓi 		قَرْظِ
qarẓi

References edit

  • “qrṭ4”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • The template Template:R:xaa:ELA does not use the parameter(s): 
    entry=قَرَض
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 1020
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 200–201
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “قرظ”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 428
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “قرظ”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[2] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 716
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “قرظ”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2518
  • Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎[4] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 197
  • Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎[5] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 387–388
  • Mandaville, James Paul (2011) Bedouin Ethnobotany. Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World, Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, →ISBN, page 140
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قرظ”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 887
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قرظ”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎[6] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1018
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