قير
See also: قیر
Arabic edit
Alternative forms edit
- قَار (qār)
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Aramaic קִירָא / ܩܝܪܐ (qīrā, “bitumen; wax”) (also ܩܐܪܐ (qārā)), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇒𒉈 (/qīru/, “bitumen”); uncertain relation to Ancient Greek κηρός (kērós, “wax”), Latin cēra (“wax”) which stem from an unknown substrate. Likely ultimately related to Akkadian 𒌋𒀜 (/kīru/, “kiln”) from Sumerian 𒌋𒀜 (gir, “kiln”), which also gave rise to Aramaic גִירָא,ܓܝܪܐ (gīrā, “lime”), and Arabic جِير (jīr, “lime”), Northern Luri قیل (qil).
Noun edit
قِير • (qīr) m
Declension edit
Declension of noun قِير (qīr)
Derived terms edit
- قِيرِيّ (qīriyy, “tarry, bituminous”)
- قَيَّرَ (qayyara, “to tar, to asphalt”)
- قَوَّرَ (qawwara, “to tar, to asphalt”)
- تَقَيَّرَ (taqayyara, “to be tarred”)
- قَيَّار (qayyār, “having tar or asphalt; who works with tar”)
Verb edit
قَيَّرَ • (qayyara) II, non-past يُقَيِّرُ (yuqayyiru)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
قَيَّرَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taqyīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muqayyir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muqayyar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qayyartu |
qayyarta |
قَيَّرَ qayyara |
qayyartumā |
qayyarā |
qayyarnā |
qayyartum |
qayyarū | |||
f | qayyarti |
qayyarat |
qayyaratā |
qayyartunna |
qayyarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqayyiru |
tuqayyiru |
yuqayyiru |
tuqayyirāni |
yuqayyirāni |
nuqayyiru |
tuqayyirūna |
yuqayyirūna | |||
f | tuqayyirīna |
tuqayyiru |
tuqayyirāni |
tuqayyirna |
yuqayyirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqayyira |
tuqayyira |
yuqayyira |
tuqayyirā |
yuqayyirā |
nuqayyira |
tuqayyirū |
yuqayyirū | |||
f | tuqayyirī |
tuqayyira |
tuqayyirā |
tuqayyirna |
yuqayyirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqayyir |
tuqayyir |
yuqayyir |
tuqayyirā |
yuqayyirā |
nuqayyir |
tuqayyirū |
yuqayyirū | |||
f | tuqayyirī |
tuqayyir |
tuqayyirā |
tuqayyirna |
yuqayyirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | قَيِّرْ qayyir |
qayyirā |
qayyirū |
||||||||
f | qayyirī |
qayyirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | quyyirtu |
quyyirta |
قُيِّرَ quyyira |
quyyirtumā |
quyyirā |
quyyirnā |
quyyirtum |
quyyirū | |||
f | quyyirti |
quyyirat |
quyyiratā |
quyyirtunna |
quyyirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqayyaru |
tuqayyaru |
yuqayyaru |
tuqayyarāni |
yuqayyarāni |
nuqayyaru |
tuqayyarūna |
yuqayyarūna | |||
f | tuqayyarīna |
tuqayyaru |
tuqayyarāni |
tuqayyarna |
yuqayyarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqayyara |
tuqayyara |
yuqayyara |
tuqayyarā |
yuqayyarā |
nuqayyara |
tuqayyarū |
yuqayyarū | |||
f | tuqayyarī |
tuqayyara |
tuqayyarā |
tuqayyarna |
yuqayyarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqayyar |
tuqayyar |
yuqayyar |
tuqayyarā |
yuqayyarā |
nuqayyar |
tuqayyarū |
yuqayyarū | |||
f | tuqayyarī |
tuqayyar |
tuqayyarā |
tuqayyarna |
yuqayyarna |
References edit
- “qīru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)[1], volume 13, Q, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1982, pages 270–271
- “qyr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قير”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 417
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قير”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[3] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 430–431
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 150
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “قير”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[4] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 513–514
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “قير”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[5] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 521
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 439
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قير”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[6] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1074
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 60