घोष

See also: घृष्

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit घोष (ghoṣa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡʱoːʂ/, [ɡʱoːʃ]

Noun

घोष • (ghoṣ) m (Urdu spelling گھوش)

1. sound; noise
2. voice
3. (linguistics) voiced sound
4. station of herdsmen

Declension

Declension of घोष (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	घोष ghoṣ	घोष ghoṣ
oblique	घोष ghoṣ	घोषों ghoṣõ
vocative	घोष ghoṣ	घोषो ghoṣo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “घोष”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

From Old Marathi 𑘑𑘻𑘬 (ghoṣa), from Sanskrit घोष (ghoṣa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʱoʂ/

Noun

घोष • (ghoṣ) m

1. deep, continuous, loud sound

Declension

Declension of घोष (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	घोष ghoṣ
direct plural	घोष ghoṣ
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	घोष ghoṣ		घोष ghoṣ
oblique सामान्यरूप	घोषा ghoṣā		घोषां- ghoṣān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	घोषाला ghoṣālā		घोषांना ghoṣānnā
ergative	घोषाने, घोषानं ghoṣāne, ghoṣāna		घोषांनी ghoṣānnī
instrumental	घोषाशी ghoṣāśī		घोषांशी ghoṣānśī
locative सप्तमी	घोषात ghoṣāt		घोषांत ghoṣāt
vocative संबोधन	घोषा ghoṣā		घोषांनो ghoṣānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of घोष (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	घोषाचा ghoṣāċā	घोषाचे ghoṣāċe	घोषाची ghoṣācī	घोषाच्या ghoṣācā	घोषाचे, घोषाचं ghoṣāċe, ghoṣāċa	घोषाची ghoṣācī	घोषाच्या ghoṣācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	घोषांचा ghoṣānċā	घोषांचे ghoṣānċe	घोषांची ghoṣāñcī	घोषांच्या ghoṣāncā	घोषांचे, घोषांचं ghoṣānċe, ghoṣānċa	घोषांची ghoṣāñcī	घोषांच्या ghoṣāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “घोष”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “घोष”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “घोष”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “[2]”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.

Old Marathi

Noun

घोष (ghoṣa) m

1. Devanagari form of 𑘑𑘻𑘬 (ghoṣa)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ঘোষ (Assamese script)
• ᬖᭀᬱ (Balinese script)
• ঘোষ (Bengali script)
• 𑰑𑰺𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀖𑁄𑀱 (Brahmi script)
• ဃောၑ (Burmese script)
• ઘોષ (Gujarati script)
• ਘੋਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌘𑍋𑌷 (Grantha script)
• ꦓꦺꦴꦰ (Javanese script)
• 𑂐𑂷𑂭 (Kaithi script)
• ಘೋಷ (Kannada script)
• ឃោឞ (Khmer script)
• ໂຆຩ (Lao script)
• ഘോഷ (Malayalam script)
• ᢚᠣᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘑𑘻𑘬 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠾᠣᠸᠠᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦱𑧜𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐑𑑀𑐲 (Newa script)
• ଘୋଷ (Odia script)
• ꢕꣂꢰ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆔𑆾𑆰 (Sharada script)
• 𑖑𑖺𑖬 (Siddham script)
• ඝොෂ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩟𑩕𑪀 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚍𑚴 (Takri script)
• கே⁴ாஷ (Tamil script)
• ఘోష (Telugu script)
• โฆษ (Thai script)
• གྷོ་ཥ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒒𑒼𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨎𑨆𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰáwṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰáwšas (“noise, sound”) (compare Persian گوش (gôš)), from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰéw-sos, from *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰew- (“to heed, perceive”). Probably cognate with Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“heed, attention”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡʱɐ́w.ʂɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡʱoː.ʂɐ/

Noun

घोष • (ghóṣa) stem, m

1. indistinct noise, tumult, sound
2. cry, confused cries of a multitude, battle cry, cries of victory, cries of woe or distress, holler, yell
3. the sound of a drum, conch shell, Soma stones, a carriage, etc.
4. the whizzing or whir of a bowstring, crackling of fire, singing in the ear
5. the roaring of a storm, thunder, water, etc.
6. the sound of the recital of prayers
7. the sound of words spoken at a distance
8. rumor, report (also personified)
9. a proclamation
10. a sound (of speech)
11. the soft (voiced) sound heard in the articulation of the sonant consonants, the vowels, and anusvara which with the Yamas of the first 10 of the soft consonants make up altogether 40 sounds
12. an ornament that makes a tinkling sound
13. station of herdsmen
14. (in the plural) herdsmen

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of घोष (ghóṣa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घोषः ghóṣaḥ	घोषौ / घोषा¹ ghóṣau / ghóṣā¹	घोषाः / घोषासः¹ ghóṣāḥ / ghóṣāsaḥ¹
Vocative	घोष ghóṣa	घोषौ / घोषा¹ ghóṣau / ghóṣā¹	घोषाः / घोषासः¹ ghóṣāḥ / ghóṣāsaḥ¹
Accusative	घोषम् ghóṣam	घोषौ / घोषा¹ ghóṣau / ghóṣā¹	घोषान् ghóṣān
Instrumental	घोषेण ghóṣeṇa	घोषाभ्याम् ghóṣābhyām	घोषैः / घोषेभिः¹ ghóṣaiḥ / ghóṣebhiḥ¹
Dative	घोषाय ghóṣāya	घोषाभ्याम् ghóṣābhyām	घोषेभ्यः ghóṣebhyaḥ
Ablative	घोषात् ghóṣāt	घोषाभ्याम् ghóṣābhyām	घोषेभ्यः ghóṣebhyaḥ
Genitive	घोषस्य ghóṣasya	घोषयोः ghóṣayoḥ	घोषाणाम् ghóṣāṇām
Locative	घोषे ghóṣe	घोषयोः ghóṣayoḥ	घोषेषु ghóṣeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• घोषक (ghoṣaka)
• घोषण (ghoṣaṇa)
• घोषणा (ghoṣaṇā)

Related terms

• घोषति (ghoṣati)

Descendants

• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: ගොස (gosa)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀲 (ghosa)
  • Old Marathi: घोसा (ghosā)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Sindhi: گۇهو (gūho)
  • Punjabi: ਘੋ (gho)
• Pali: ghosa
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀲 (ghosa)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: घोस (ghos)

    Urdu: گهوس (ghos)

• → Assamese: ঘোষ (ghüx) (learned)
• → Bengali: ঘোষ (ghōś) (learned)
• → Hindustani: (learned)

  Hindi: घोष (ghoṣ)

  Urdu: گھوش (ghoṣ)

• → Malayalam: ഘോഷം (ghōṣaṁ) (learned)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘑𑘻𑘬 (ghoṣa) (learned)
  • Marathi: घोष (ghoṣ)
• → Odia: ଘୋଷ (ghoṣô) (learned)
• → Tamil: கோஷம் (kōṣam), கோடம் (kōṭam)
• → Telugu: ఘోష (ghōṣa) (learned)

Further reading

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ghṓṣa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press