वणिज्

See also: वाणिज

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• बणिज् (baṇíj)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱণিজ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬡᬶᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
• বণিজ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰜𑰰𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀡𑀺𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဝဏိဇ် (Burmese script)
• વણિજ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਵਣਿਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑌣𑌿𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦟꦶꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑂝𑂱𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ವಣಿಜ್ (Kannada script)
• វណិជ៑ (Khmer script)
• ວຓິຊ຺ (Lao script)
• വണിജ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᠠᢏᡳᡯ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘜𑘱𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠠᢏᠢᠽ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑦼𑧒𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐞𑐶𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଵଣିଜ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢮꢠꢶꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆟𑆴𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖜𑖰𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
• වණිජ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩪𑩑𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚘𑚮𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
• வணிஜ் (Tamil script)
• వణిజ్ (Telugu script)
• วณิชฺ (Thai script)
• ཝ་ཎི་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒝𑒱𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨘𑨁𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wen(h₁)-h₂ǵ-, composed of *wenh₁- (“to win”) + *h₂eǵ- (“to drive, lead”). Compare वनोति (vanóti), particularly in the meaning “to acquire”, and अजति (ájati, “to drive”), respectively.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋɐ.ɳid͡ʑ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈʋɐ.ɳid͡ʑ/

Noun

वणिज् • (vaṇíj) stem, m

1. a merchant, trader (RV. etc.)
   • RV 5.45.6d:

     एता धियं कर्णवामा सखायो ऽप या मातां रणुत वरजं गोः |

     यया मनुर विशिशिप्रं जिगाय यया वणिग वङकुर आपा पुरीषम ||

     étā dhíyaṃ kṛṇávāmā sakhāyó 'pa yâ mātâṁ ṛṇutá vrajáṃ góḥ |

     yáyā mánur viśiśipráṃ jigâya yáyā vaṇíg vaṅkúr âpā púrīṣam ||

     Come, let us carry out, O friends, the purpose wherewith the Mother threw the Cow's stall open,

     That wherewith Manu conquered Visisipra, wherewith the wandering merchant gained heaven's water.

2. (astrology, astronomy) the zodiacal sign Libra (VarBṛS.)
3. name of a particular करण (karaṇa)
4. trade, traffic, commerce (Gaut., Mn.)
5. epithet of Indra (RV.)

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of वणिज् (vaṇíj)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वणिक् vaṇík	वणिजौ / वणिजा¹ vaṇíjau / vaṇíjā¹	वणिजः vaṇíjaḥ
Vocative	वणिक् váṇik	वणिजौ / वणिजा¹ váṇijau / váṇijā¹	वणिजः váṇijaḥ
Accusative	वणिजम् vaṇíjam	वणिजौ / वणिजा¹ vaṇíjau / vaṇíjā¹	वणिजः vaṇíjaḥ
Instrumental	वणिजा vaṇíjā	वणिग्भ्याम् vaṇígbhyām	वणिग्भिः vaṇígbhiḥ
Dative	वणिजे vaṇíje	वणिग्भ्याम् vaṇígbhyām	वणिग्भ्यः vaṇígbhyaḥ
Ablative	वणिजः vaṇíjaḥ	वणिग्भ्याम् vaṇígbhyām	वणिग्भ्यः vaṇígbhyaḥ
Genitive	वणिजः vaṇíjaḥ	वणिजोः vaṇíjoḥ	वणिजाम् vaṇíjām
Locative	वणिजि vaṇíji	वणिजोः vaṇíjoḥ	वणिक्षु vaṇíkṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• वणिज (vaṇija, “trader”)
• वाणिज (vāṇijá) (see there for further descendants)
• वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “trader”)
  • → Classical Malay: beniaga (“trade”)
    • ⇒ Malay: niaga (back-formed)
      • Indonesian: niaga

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡𑀺 (vaṇi)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “वणिज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0915.