Egyptian
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Pronunciation
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Etymology 1
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According to one suggestion, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ḫab- (compare Akkadian 𒀖𒀠 (/upātum, ubātum/, “pregnant or fat cow”)). However, an internal origin has also been proposed, from ḫꜣb (“to be bent”) in reference to the animal’s bent tusks; compare the relation between db (“hippopotamus”) and db (“horn, tusk”).
m
- hippopotamus
Inflection
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Declension of ḫꜣb (masculine)
Etymology 2
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3-lit.
- (intransitive) to be(come) bent, to bend
Inflection
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Conjugation of ḫꜣb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḫꜣb, geminated stem: ḫꜣbb
| infinitival forms
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imperative
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| infinitive
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negatival complement
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complementary infinitive1
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singular
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plural
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ḫꜣb
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ḫꜣbw, ḫꜣb
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ḫꜣbt
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ḫꜣb
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ḫꜣb
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| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
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| stative stem
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periphrastic imperfective2
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periphrastic prospective2
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ḫꜣb
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ḥr ḫꜣb
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m ḫꜣb
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r ḫꜣb
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| suffix conjugation
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| aspect / mood
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active
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contingent
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| aspect / mood
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active
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| perfect
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ḫꜣb.n
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consecutive
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ḫꜣb.jn
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| terminative
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ḫꜣbt
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| perfective3
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ḫꜣb
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obligative1
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ḫꜣb.ḫr
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| imperfective
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ḫꜣb
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| prospective3
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ḫꜣb
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potentialis1
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ḫꜣb.kꜣ
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| subjunctive
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ḫꜣb
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| verbal adjectives
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| aspect / mood
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relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
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participles
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| active
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active
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passive
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| perfect
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ḫꜣb.n
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—
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—
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| perfective
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ḫꜣb
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ḫꜣb
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ḫꜣb, ḫꜣbw5, ḫꜣby5
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| imperfective
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ḫꜣb, ḫꜣby, ḫꜣbw5
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ḫꜣb, ḫꜣbj6, ḫꜣby6
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ḫꜣb, ḫꜣbw5
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| prospective
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ḫꜣb, ḫꜣbtj7
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ḫꜣbtj4, ḫꜣbt4
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- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
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References
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