ἱλάσκομαι
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From the reduplicated *si-sl̥h₂-sḱetor, from Proto-Indo-European *selh₂- (“mercy, comfort”). By surface analysis, ῑ̔́λαος (hī́laos, “propitious, gracious”) + -σκω (-skō).
Directly cognate to Old Armenian աղաչեմ (ałačʻem, “to pray”), and further to Latin sōlor (“to comfort”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind”), Icelandic sæll (“happy”), German selig (“overjoyed”), English silly.
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hiː.lás.ko.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /(h)iˈlas.ko.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /iˈlas.ko.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /iˈlas.ko.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /iˈlas.ko.me/
Verb edit
ῑ̔λᾰ́σκομαι • (hīláskomai)
- to appease, conciliate, propitiate; to expiate
- New Testament, Epistle to the Hebrews 2:17
- (passive voice) to be merciful, gracious
Inflection edit
Present: ῑ̔λᾰ́σκομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκομαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκῃ, ῑ̔λᾰ́σκει |
ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεται | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσκόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκονται | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκωμαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκῃ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκηται | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκησθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκησθον | ῑ̔λᾰσκώμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκησθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰσκοίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοισθον | ῑ̔λᾰσκοίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰσκοίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοισθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοιντο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκου | ῑ̔λᾰσκέσθω | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσκέσθων | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰσκέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰσκόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰσκομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰσκόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔λᾰ́ομαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́εαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́εται | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθον | ῑ̔λᾰόμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́ονται | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔λᾰ́ωμαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ηαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ηται | ῑ̔λᾰ́ησθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́ησθον | ῑ̔λᾰώμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ησθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́ωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰοίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́οιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́οιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́οισθον | ῑ̔λᾰοίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́οισθε | ῑ̔λᾰοίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔λᾰ́εο | ῑ̔λᾰέσθω | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθον | ῑ̔λᾰέσθων | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθε | ῑ̔λᾰέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́εσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔λῶμαι | ῑ̔λᾷ | ῑ̔λᾶται | ῑ̔λᾶσθον | ῑ̔λᾶσθον | ῑ̔λώμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾶσθε | ῑ̔λῶνται | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔λῶμαι | ῑ̔λᾷ | ῑ̔λᾶται | ῑ̔λᾶσθον | ῑ̔λᾶσθον | ῑ̔λώμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾶσθε | ῑ̔λῶνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔λῴμην | ῑ̔λῷο | ῑ̔λῷτο | ῑ̔λῷσθον | ῑ̔λῴσθην | ῑ̔λῴμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λῷσθε | ῑ̔λῴᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔λῶ | ῑ̔λᾱ́σθω | ῑ̔λᾶσθον | ῑ̔λᾱ́σθων | ῑ̔λᾶσθε | ῑ̔λᾱ́σθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾶσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λώμενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λωμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λώμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ῑ̔λᾰσκόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔λᾰσκόμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκου | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκετο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσκέσθην | ῑ̔λᾰσκόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σκοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ῑ̔λᾰ́σομαι, ἱλᾰσθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔λᾰ́σομαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σῃ, ῑ̔λᾰ́σει |
ῑ̔λᾰ́σεται | ῑ̔λᾰ́σεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́σεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σονται | ||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰσοίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σοιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σοιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σοισθον | ῑ̔λᾰσοίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰσοίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σοισθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἱλᾰσθήσομαι | ἱλᾰσθήσῃ | ἱλᾰσθήσεται | ἱλᾰσθήσεσθον | ἱλᾰσθήσεσθον | ἱλᾰσθησόμεθᾰ | ἱλᾰσθήσεσθε | ἱλᾰσθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἱλᾰσθησοίμην | ἱλᾰσθήσοιο | ἱλᾰσθήσοιτο | ἱλᾰσθήσοισθον | ἱλᾰσθησοίσθην | ἱλᾰσθησοίμεθᾰ | ἱλᾰσθήσοισθε | ἱλᾰσθήσοιντο | |||||
middle | passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σεσθαι | ἱλᾰσθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰσόμενος | ἱλᾰσθησόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰσομένη | ἱλᾰσθησομένη | |||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰσόμενον | ἱλᾰσθησόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ῑ̔λᾰ́σσομαι (Epic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσομαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεται | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσόμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσονται | ||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰσσοίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσοιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσοιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσοισθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσοίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰσσοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσοισθε | ῑ̔λᾰσσοίᾰτο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰσσόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰσσομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰσσόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ῑ̔λᾰ́ξομαι (Epic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξομαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεται | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεσθον | ῑ̔λᾰξόμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξονται | ||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰξοίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξοιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξοιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξοισθον | ῑ̔λᾰξοίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰξοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξοισθε | ῑ̔λᾰξοίᾰτο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰξόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰξομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰξόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ῑ̔λᾰσᾰ́μην, ἱλάσθην
Aorist: ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́μην (Epic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́μην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́σθην | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσωμαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσηαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσηται | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσησθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσησθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσώμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσησθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰσσαίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσαιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσαιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσαισθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσαίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰσσαίμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσαισθε | ῑ̔λᾰσσαίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔́λᾰσσαι | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́σθω | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰσθον | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́σθων | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰσθε | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́σσᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰσσᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́μην (Epic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́μην | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰσθον | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́σθην | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰσθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξωμαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξηαι | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξηται | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξησθον | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξησθον | ῑ̔λᾰξώμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξησθε | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔λᾰξαίμην | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξαιο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξαιτο | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξαισθον | ῑ̔λᾰξαίσθην | ῑ̔λᾰξαίμε(σ)θᾰ | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξαισθε | ῑ̔λᾰξαίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔́λᾰξαι | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́σθω | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰσθον | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́σθων | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰσθε | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́σθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔λᾰ́ξᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔λᾰξᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Derived terms edit
- ἀφῑλάσκομαι (aphīláskomai)
- ἐξῑλάσκομαι (exīláskomai)
- προϊλάσκομαι (proïláskomai)
Related terms edit
References edit
- “ἱλάσκομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἱλάσκομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἱλάσκομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἱλάσκομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἱλάσκομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἱλάσκομαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2433 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible