しむ
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative spellings |
---|
使む 令む |
From Old Japanese.
Suffix edit
- (archaic, after 未然形 (mizenkei) stem)
- Forming causative forms of verbs: to make (someone do)
- 1945, Hirohito, Jewel Voice Broadcast
- 朕ハ帝國政府ヲシテ米英支蘇四國ニ對シ其ノ共同宣言ヲ受諾スル旨通告セシメタリ
- Chin wa teikoku seifu o shite Bei Ei Shi So shikoku ni taishi sono kyōdō sengen o judaku suru mune tsūkoku seshimetari
- We have ordered our government to communicate to the governments of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union that our empire accepts the provisions of their joint declaration.
- 朕ハ帝國政府ヲシテ米英支蘇四國ニ對シ其ノ共同宣言ヲ受諾スル旨通告セシメタリ
- An honorific or humble suffix.
- Forming causative forms of verbs: to make (someone do)
Conjugation edit
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | しめ | sime | |
Continuative (連用形) | しめ | sime | |
Terminal (終止形) | しむ | simu | |
Attributive (連体形) | しむる | simuru | |
Realis (已然形) | しむれ | simure | |
Imperative (命令形) | しめよ | simeyo | |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | しめず | simezu | |
Contrasting conjunction | しむれど | simuredo | |
Causal conjunction | しむれば | simureba | |
Conditional conjunction | しめば | simeba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | しめき | simeki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | しめけり | simekeri | |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | しめつ | simetu | |
Perfect tense (natural event) | しめぬ | simenu | |
Perfect-continuative tense | しめたり | simetari | |
Volitional | しめむ | simemu |
Derived terms edit
- しめる (-shimeru, modern form)
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Shift from earlier しも (-shimo).
Prevalent in Late Middle Japanese literature.
Suffix edit
- (obsolete, after 未然形 (mizenkei) stem of quadrigrade or na-row irregular verbs) to respectfully do
See also edit
Old Japanese edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
しむ (-simu)