Japanese edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology edit

⟨sipu⟩⟨sipuru⟩/ɕiɸuɾu//ɕiɸɨɾu//ɕiwiɾu//ɕiiɾu/

From Old Japanese 強ふ (sipu), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, upper bigrade conjugation).

Possibly cognate with 癈いる (shiiru, to lose function (said of body organs)). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "強いる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
強いる [shìíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 強いろ [shìíꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 強いられる いられ [shìíráréꜜrù]
Causative 強いさせる いさせ [shìísáséꜜrù]
Potential 強いられる いられ [shìíráréꜜrù]
Volitional 強いよう いよ [shìíyóꜜò]
Negative 強いない ない [shìíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 強いなかった なかった [shìíꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 強います いま [shìímáꜜsù]
Perfective 強いた いた [shíꜜìtà]
Conjunctive 強いて いて [shíꜜìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 強いれば れば [shìíꜜrèbà]

Verb edit

()いる (shiiruしひる (sifiru)?transitive ichidan (stem () (shii), past ()いた (shiita))

  1. to compel, compulse, force
    Synonym: 強制する (kyōsei suru)

Conjugation edit

Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN