독하다
Korean edit
Etymology edit
독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). From Middle Korean 독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá).
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [to̞kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [도카다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | dokhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | doghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tokhada |
| Yale Romanization? | tok.hata |
Adjective edit
독하다 • (dokhada) (infinitive 독해 or 독하여, sequential 독하니, hanja 毒하다)
- to be noxious; to be poisonous
- (of taste or smell) to be strong
- (figuratively, of a person) to be vicious
- (figuratively, of will) to be firm, to be resolute
Conjugation edit
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 독하다 dokhada |
독해 dokhae |
독해요 dokhaeyo |
독합니다 dokhamnida |
| Past | 독했다 dokhaetda |
독했어 dokhaesseo |
독했어요 dokhaesseoyo |
독했습니다 dokhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 독하냐 dokhanya |
독해 dokhae |
독해요 dokhaeyo |
독합니까 dokhamnikka |
| Past | 독했냐 dokhaennya |
독했어 dokhaesseo |
독했어요 dokhaesseoyo |
독했습니까 dokhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 독하겠다 dokhagetda |
독하겠어 dokhagesseo |
독하겠어요 dokhagesseoyo |
독하겠습니다 dokhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 독해 dokhae |
독해서, 독하여서 dokhaeseo, dokhayeoseo |
독하니 dokhani |
독하니까 dokhanikka | |
| Contrast | 독하지만 dokhajiman |
독한데 dokhande |
독하더니 dokhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 독하고 dokhago |
||||
| Condition | 독하면 dokhamyeon |
독해야, 독하여야 dokhaeya, dokhayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 독함 dokham |
독하기 dokhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 독했음, 독하였음 dokhaesseum, dokhayeosseum |
독했기, 독하였기 dokhaetgi, dokhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 독한 dokhan | |||
| Future | 독할 dokhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 독하시다 dokhasida |
독하셔 dokhasyeo |
독하세요, 독하셔요 dokhaseyo, dokhasyeoyo |
독하십니다 dokhasimnida |
| Past | 독하셨다 dokhasyeotda |
독하셨어 dokhasyeosseo |
독하셨어요 dokhasyeosseoyo |
독하셨습니다 dokhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 독하시냐 dokhasinya |
독하셔 dokhasyeo |
독하세요, 독하셔요 dokhaseyo, dokhasyeoyo |
독하십니까 dokhasimnikka |
| Past | 독하셨냐 dokhasyeonnya |
독하셨어 dokhasyeosseo |
독하셨어요 dokhasyeosseoyo |
독하셨습니까 dokhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 독하시겠다 dokhasigetda |
독하시겠어 dokhasigesseo |
독하시겠어요 dokhasigesseoyo |
독하시겠습니다 dokhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 독하셔 dokhasyeo |
독하셔서 dokhasyeoseo |
독하시니 dokhasini |
독하시니까 dokhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 독하시지만 dokhasijiman |
독하신데 dokhasinde |
독하시더니 dokhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 독하시고 dokhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 독하시면 dokhasimyeon |
독하셔야 dokhasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 독하심 dokhasim |
독하시기 dokhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 독하셨음 dokhasyeosseum |
독하셨기 dokhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 독하신 dokhasin | |||
| Future | 독하실 dokhasil | ||||