앓다
Korean edit
Etymology edit
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 앓다〮 (Yale: àlh-tá).
Cognate with Jeju 알르다 (alleuda). Compare Gyeongsang dialectal form 앍다 (akda).
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠ɭtʰa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [알타]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | alta |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | alhda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | alt'a |
| Yale Romanization? | alhta |
Verb edit
앓다 • (alta) (infinitive 앓아, sequential 앓으니)
- (transitive or intransitive) to suffer from an illness
Conjugation edit
Selected forms of the verb 앓다 (alta): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 앓는다 alleunda |
앓아 ara |
앓아요 arayo |
앓습니다 alseumnida |
| Past | 앓았다 aratda |
앓았어 arasseo |
앓았어요 arasseoyo |
앓았습니다 aratseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 앓느냐 alleunya |
앓아 ara |
앓아요 arayo |
앓습니까 alseumnikka |
| Past | 앓았느냐 aranneunya |
앓았어 arasseo |
앓았어요 arasseoyo |
앓았습니까 aratseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 앓자 alcha |
앓아 ara |
앓아요 arayo |
앓으십시다 areusipsida | |
| Imperative | 앓아라 arara |
앓아 ara |
앓아요 arayo |
앓읍시오 areupsio | |
| Assertive | 앓겠다 alketda |
앓겠어 alkesseo |
앓겠어요 alkesseoyo |
앓겠습니다 alketseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 앓아 ara |
앓아서 araseo |
앓으니 areuni |
앓으니까 areunikka | |
| Contrast | 앓지만 alchiman |
앓는데 alleunde |
앓더니 alteoni |
||
| Conjunction | 앓고 alko |
||||
| Condition | 앓으면 areumyeon |
앓아야 araya |
|||
| Motive | 앓으려고 areuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 앓음 areum |
앓기 alki | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 앓았음 arasseum |
앓았기 aratgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 앓은 areun | |||
| Present | 앓는 alleun | ||||
| Future | 앓을 areul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 앓으신다 areusinda |
앓으셔 areusyeo |
앓으세요, 앓으셔요 areuseyo, areusyeoyo |
앓으십니다 areusimnida |
| Past | 앓으셨다 areusyeotda |
앓으셨어 areusyeosseo |
앓으셨어요 areusyeosseoyo |
앓으셨습니다 areusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 앓으시느냐 areusineunya |
앓으셔 areusyeo |
앓으세요, 앓으셔요 areuseyo, areusyeoyo |
앓으십니까 areusimnikka |
| Past | 앓으셨느냐 areusyeonneunya |
앓으셨어 areusyeosseo |
앓으셨어요 areusyeosseoyo |
앓으셨습니까 areusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 앓으시라 areusira |
앓으셔 areusyeo |
앓으세요 areuseyo |
앓으십시오 areusipsio | |
| Assertive | 앓으시겠다 areusigetda |
앓으시겠어 areusigesseo |
앓으시겠어요 areusigesseoyo |
앓으시겠습니다 areusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 앓으셔 areusyeo |
앓으셔서 areusyeoseo |
앓으시니 areusini |
앓으시니까 areusinikka | |
| Contrast | 앓으시지만 areusijiman |
앓으시는데 areusineunde |
앓으시더니 areusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 앓으시고 areusigo |
||||
| Condition | 앓으시면 areusimyeon |
앓으셔야 areusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 앓으시려고 areusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 앓으심 areusim |
앓으시기 areusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 앓으셨음 areusyeosseum |
앓으셨기 areusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 앓으신 areusin | |||
| Present | 앓으시는 areusineun | ||||
| Future | 앓으실 areusil | ||||