영사하다
Korean edit
Etymology 1 edit
영사(映寫) (yeongsa) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹ŋsʰa̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [영사하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | yeongsahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yeongsahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | yŏngsahada |
| Yale Romanization? | yengsahata |
Verb edit
영사하다 • (yeongsahada) (infinitive 영사해 or 영사하여, sequential 영사하니)
- (transitive) to project (films, slides, etc.)
Conjugation edit
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 영사한다 yeongsahanda |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합니다 yeongsahamnida |
| Past | 영사했다 yeongsahaetda |
영사했어 yeongsahaesseo |
영사했어요 yeongsahaesseoyo |
영사했습니다 yeongsahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 영사하느냐 yeongsahaneunya |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합니까 yeongsahamnikka |
| Past | 영사했느냐 yeongsahaenneunya |
영사했어 yeongsahaesseo |
영사했어요 yeongsahaesseoyo |
영사했습니까 yeongsahaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 영사하자 yeongsahaja |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사하십시다 yeongsahasipsida | |
| Imperative | 영사해라, 영사하여라 yeongsahaera, yeongsahayeora |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합시오 yeongsahapsio | |
| Assertive | 영사하겠다 yeongsahagetda |
영사하겠어 yeongsahagesseo |
영사하겠어요 yeongsahagesseoyo |
영사하겠습니다 yeongsahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해서, 영사하여서 yeongsahaeseo, yeongsahayeoseo |
영사하니 yeongsahani |
영사하니까 yeongsahanikka | |
| Contrast | 영사하지만 yeongsahajiman |
영사하는데 yeongsahaneunde |
영사하더니 yeongsahadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 영사하고 yeongsahago |
||||
| Condition | 영사하면 yeongsahamyeon |
영사해야, 영사하여야 yeongsahaeya, yeongsahayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 영사하려고 yeongsaharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 영사함 yeongsaham |
영사하기 yeongsahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 영사했음, 영사하였음 yeongsahaesseum, yeongsahayeosseum |
영사했기, 영사하였기 yeongsahaetgi, yeongsahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 영사한 yeongsahan | |||
| Present | 영사하는 yeongsahaneun | ||||
| Future | 영사할 yeongsahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 영사하신다 yeongsahasinda |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요, 영사하셔요 yeongsahaseyo, yeongsahasyeoyo |
영사하십니다 yeongsahasimnida |
| Past | 영사하셨다 yeongsahasyeotda |
영사하셨어 yeongsahasyeosseo |
영사하셨어요 yeongsahasyeosseoyo |
영사하셨습니다 yeongsahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 영사하시느냐 yeongsahasineunya |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요, 영사하셔요 yeongsahaseyo, yeongsahasyeoyo |
영사하십니까 yeongsahasimnikka |
| Past | 영사하셨느냐 yeongsahasyeonneunya |
영사하셨어 yeongsahasyeosseo |
영사하셨어요 yeongsahasyeosseoyo |
영사하셨습니까 yeongsahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 영사하시라 yeongsahasira |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요 yeongsahaseyo |
영사하십시오 yeongsahasipsio | |
| Assertive | 영사하시겠다 yeongsahasigetda |
영사하시겠어 yeongsahasigesseo |
영사하시겠어요 yeongsahasigesseoyo |
영사하시겠습니다 yeongsahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하셔서 yeongsahasyeoseo |
영사하시니 yeongsahasini |
영사하시니까 yeongsahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 영사하시지만 yeongsahasijiman |
영사하시는데 yeongsahasineunde |
영사하시더니 yeongsahasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 영사하시고 yeongsahasigo |
||||
| Condition | 영사하시면 yeongsahasimyeon |
영사하셔야 yeongsahasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 영사하시려고 yeongsahasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 영사하심 yeongsahasim |
영사하시기 yeongsahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 영사하셨음 yeongsahasyeosseum |
영사하셨기 yeongsahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 영사하신 yeongsahasin | |||
| Present | 영사하시는 yeongsahasineun | ||||
| Future | 영사하실 yeongsahasil | ||||
Etymology 2 edit
영사(映射) (yeongsa) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈjɘ(ː)ŋsʰa̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [영(ː)사하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | yeongsahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yeongsahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | yŏngsahada |
| Yale Romanization? | yēngsahata |
Verb edit
영사하다 • (yeongsahada) (infinitive 영사해 or 영사하여, sequential 영사하니)
- (intransitive, of a ray of light) to reflect (off a surface)
Conjugation edit
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 영사한다 yeongsahanda |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합니다 yeongsahamnida |
| Past | 영사했다 yeongsahaetda |
영사했어 yeongsahaesseo |
영사했어요 yeongsahaesseoyo |
영사했습니다 yeongsahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 영사하느냐 yeongsahaneunya |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합니까 yeongsahamnikka |
| Past | 영사했느냐 yeongsahaenneunya |
영사했어 yeongsahaesseo |
영사했어요 yeongsahaesseoyo |
영사했습니까 yeongsahaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 영사하자 yeongsahaja |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사하십시다 yeongsahasipsida | |
| Imperative | 영사해라, 영사하여라 yeongsahaera, yeongsahayeora |
영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해요 yeongsahaeyo |
영사합시오 yeongsahapsio | |
| Assertive | 영사하겠다 yeongsahagetda |
영사하겠어 yeongsahagesseo |
영사하겠어요 yeongsahagesseoyo |
영사하겠습니다 yeongsahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 영사해 yeongsahae |
영사해서, 영사하여서 yeongsahaeseo, yeongsahayeoseo |
영사하니 yeongsahani |
영사하니까 yeongsahanikka | |
| Contrast | 영사하지만 yeongsahajiman |
영사하는데 yeongsahaneunde |
영사하더니 yeongsahadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 영사하고 yeongsahago |
||||
| Condition | 영사하면 yeongsahamyeon |
영사해야, 영사하여야 yeongsahaeya, yeongsahayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 영사하려고 yeongsaharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 영사함 yeongsaham |
영사하기 yeongsahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 영사했음, 영사하였음 yeongsahaesseum, yeongsahayeosseum |
영사했기, 영사하였기 yeongsahaetgi, yeongsahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 영사한 yeongsahan | |||
| Present | 영사하는 yeongsahaneun | ||||
| Future | 영사할 yeongsahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 영사하신다 yeongsahasinda |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요, 영사하셔요 yeongsahaseyo, yeongsahasyeoyo |
영사하십니다 yeongsahasimnida |
| Past | 영사하셨다 yeongsahasyeotda |
영사하셨어 yeongsahasyeosseo |
영사하셨어요 yeongsahasyeosseoyo |
영사하셨습니다 yeongsahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 영사하시느냐 yeongsahasineunya |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요, 영사하셔요 yeongsahaseyo, yeongsahasyeoyo |
영사하십니까 yeongsahasimnikka |
| Past | 영사하셨느냐 yeongsahasyeonneunya |
영사하셨어 yeongsahasyeosseo |
영사하셨어요 yeongsahasyeosseoyo |
영사하셨습니까 yeongsahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 영사하시라 yeongsahasira |
영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하세요 yeongsahaseyo |
영사하십시오 yeongsahasipsio | |
| Assertive | 영사하시겠다 yeongsahasigetda |
영사하시겠어 yeongsahasigesseo |
영사하시겠어요 yeongsahasigesseoyo |
영사하시겠습니다 yeongsahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 영사하셔 yeongsahasyeo |
영사하셔서 yeongsahasyeoseo |
영사하시니 yeongsahasini |
영사하시니까 yeongsahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 영사하시지만 yeongsahasijiman |
영사하시는데 yeongsahasineunde |
영사하시더니 yeongsahasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 영사하시고 yeongsahasigo |
||||
| Condition | 영사하시면 yeongsahasimyeon |
영사하셔야 yeongsahasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 영사하시려고 yeongsahasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 영사하심 yeongsahasim |
영사하시기 yeongsahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 영사하셨음 yeongsahasyeosseum |
영사하셨기 yeongsahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 영사하신 yeongsahasin | |||
| Present | 영사하시는 yeongsahasineun | ||||
| Future | 영사하실 yeongsahasil | ||||
Etymology 3 edit
영사 (yeongsa) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). The first part is probably a borrowing from Chinese.
Judging by accounts from Korean speakers from Yanbian, it appears to be a very colloquial term, and judging by the lack of sources outside of informal accounts from Yanbian Korean speakers, it might have been recently coined.
Adjective edit
영사하다 • (yeongsahada) (infinitive 영사해 or 영사하여, sequential 영사하니)
- (Yanbian, colloquial) to lose face, to be ashamed, to be embarrassed
- 2020 October 16, 양파유니 [yangpayuni], “함경도말투?진짜?연변말사투리배우기,조선족유튜버,시리즈#2편 [hamgyeongdomaltu?jinjja?yeonbyeonmalsaturibae'ugi,joseonjogyutyubeo,sirijeu#2pyeon]”, in 양파유니 [yangpayuni][1], 중국 길림성 연변 조선족 자치주 [jungguk gillimseong yeonbyeon joseonjok jachiju]: