𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜

Old Turkic edit

Possibly from 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰇 (törü-, “to be born, to originate”) +‎ 𐰜 (ük), itself inherited from Proto-Turkic *törü- (“to be born, to originate”). More at Turkic. Cognate with Chuvash тӗрӗк (tĕrĕk), Turkish Türk, Uzbek turk, Bashkir төрөк (török), Yakut турок (turok). Compare also Hungarian török, a Bulgar borrowing.

𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (türük)

Turk
- 8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S1
  𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐱅𐰏:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐰓𐰀:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰢𐱁:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰉𐰆:𐰇𐰓𐰚𐰀:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐱃𐰢
  teŋri:teg:teŋride:bolmuš:türük:bilge:qaɣan:bu:ödke:olurtum
  I, the God-like and Heaven-born Turkic Bilge Khagan, succeeded to the throne at this time.

*Türküt
- → Chinese: 突厥 (tūjué)
→ Middle Persian: twlk'
- Persian: ترک (tork)
  - → Byzantine Greek: Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos)
    - Greek: Τούρκος (Toúrkos)
    - → Medieval Latin: Turcus
      - → Old French: Turc
        French: Turc
        → Middle English: Turke, Turc, Turk
        English: Turk
    - ⇒ Medieval Latin: Turcia (see there for further descendants)
  - → Hindustani:
    - Hindi: तुर्क (turk)
    - Urdu: تُرک (turk)
→ Sanskrit: तुरुष्क (turuṣka)
- Assamese: তুৰস্ক (turosko)
- Bengali: তুরস্ক (turosko)

Tekin, Talât (1968) “türük”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 388