Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/satadak
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Finnic/satadak)
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Uralic *śada- (“to rain”).
Verb edit
*satadak (stem *sata-)
- to fall, to drop (from height)
- to precipitate (i.e. fall from the sky), to rain, to snow
Usage notes edit
When used impersonally, the implied meaning would have been "it is raining". The type of precipitation was specified, if necessary, with the noun in the partitive: *satabi vettä (“it's raining water/actual rain”), *satabi lunta (“it's snowing”), *satabi rakehita (“it's hailing”).
Inflection edit
Inflection of *satadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *sadan | *sadoin | — | *satagon |
| 2nd sing. | *sadat | *sadoit | *sadak | *satagos |
| 3rd sing. | *satabi *sata |
*satoi | *satagasën | *satagosën |
| 1st plur. | *sadakmëk *sadakmak |
*satoimëk *satoimak |
*satagatëmëk *satagatamak |
*satagotëmëk *satagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *sadaktëk *sadaktak |
*satoidëk *satoidak |
*satagatë *satagata |
*satagot'ëk *satagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *satabat *sata |
*satoi | *satagasën | *satagosën |
| passive | *sadaksën *sadat'aksën |
*satadisën *sadattisën |
*satadakahën *sadattakahën |
*satadakohën *sadattakohën |
| connegative | *sadak | — | *satagak | *satagok |
| passive connegative | *sadaktak | — | *satadagak *sadattagak |
*satadagok *sadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *sadakcin | *satoicin | *satanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *sadakcit | *satoicit | *satanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *sadakci | *satoici | *satani | |
| 1st plur. | *sadakcimëk *sadakcimak |
*satoicimëk *satoicimak |
*satanëmëk *satanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *sadakcidëk *sadakcidak |
*satoicidëk *satoicidak |
*satanëdëk *satanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *sadakci | *satoici | *satani | |
| passive | *satadakcihën *sadat'akcihën |
*satadicihën *sadatticihën |
*satadanëhën *sadattanëhën | |
| connegative | *sadakcik | *satoicik | *satanëk | |
| passive connegative | *satadakcik *sadat'akcik |
*satadicik *sadatticik |
*satadanëk *sadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *satadak | present | *sataba | *satadapa *sadattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *satadë- | past | *satanut | *satadu *sadattu |
| gerund/supine | *satama | |||
| action noun | *sataminen | |||
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Estonian: sadama/sadada
- Finnish: sataa
- Ingrian: sattaa
- Karelian: satoa
- Livonian: (Courland) sa’ddõ, (Salaca) sadd
- Veps: sadada
- Võro: sadama/sataq
- Votic: satta
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Uralic *čača- (“to grow”).
Verb edit
*satadak (stem *sata-)
Inflection edit
Inflection of *satadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *sadan | *sadoin | — | *satagon |
| 2nd sing. | *sadat | *sadoit | *sadak | *satagos |
| 3rd sing. | *satabi *sata |
*satoi | *satagasën | *satagosën |
| 1st plur. | *sadakmëk *sadakmak |
*satoimëk *satoimak |
*satagatëmëk *satagatamak |
*satagotëmëk *satagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *sadaktëk *sadaktak |
*satoidëk *satoidak |
*satagatë *satagata |
*satagot'ëk *satagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *satabat *sata |
*satoi | *satagasën | *satagosën |
| passive | *sadaksën *sadat'aksën |
*satadisën *sadattisën |
*satadakahën *sadattakahën |
*satadakohën *sadattakohën |
| connegative | *sadak | — | *satagak | *satagok |
| passive connegative | *sadaktak | — | *satadagak *sadattagak |
*satadagok *sadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *sadakcin | *satoicin | *satanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *sadakcit | *satoicit | *satanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *sadakci | *satoici | *satani | |
| 1st plur. | *sadakcimëk *sadakcimak |
*satoicimëk *satoicimak |
*satanëmëk *satanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *sadakcidëk *sadakcidak |
*satoicidëk *satoicidak |
*satanëdëk *satanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *sadakci | *satoici | *satani | |
| passive | *satadakcihën *sadat'akcihën |
*satadicihën *sadatticihën |
*satadanëhën *sadattanëhën | |
| connegative | *sadakcik | *satoicik | *satanëk | |
| passive connegative | *satadakcik *sadat'akcik |
*satadicik *sadatticik |
*satadanëk *sadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *satadak | present | *sataba | *satadapa *sadattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *satadë- | past | *satanut | *satadu *sadattu |
| gerund/supine | *satama | |||
| action noun | *sataminen | |||
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Finnish: (dialectal) sataa