Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-trom

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

*-dʰlom, *-dʰrom (typically occurring with roots ending in *-h₁ or *-h₂. See e.g. Latin fābula from root *bʰeh₂- (“to speak”))
*-tlom

Etymology

Thematicized from the zero-grade of *-tḗr.

Originally the neuter gender of some adjective *-tros meaning "of the doer, of doing". Of note is the similar development later exercised by daughter languages (e.g. Latin -tor > -tōrius (“of the doer, of doing”) > -tōrium (“thing/ place of the doer”)).

Suffix

*(é)-trom n

Forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument.

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*(é)-trom
genitive	*(é)-trosyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(é)-trom	*(é)-troy(h₁)	*(é)-treh₂
vocative	*(é)-trom	*(é)-troy(h₁)	*(é)-treh₂
accusative	*(é)-trom	*(é)-troy(h₁)	*(é)-treh₂
genitive	*(é)-trosyo	*?	*(é)-troHom
ablative	*(é)-tread	*?	*(é)-tromos
dative	*(é)-troey	*?	*(é)-tromos
locative	(é)-trey, (é)-troy	*?	*(é)-troysu
instrumental	*(é)-troh₁	*?	*(é)-trōys

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-trom

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *-trom
- Proto-Brythonic: *-dr
- Old Irish: -thar
- Gaulish: -tron
Proto-Germanic: *-þrą (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *-tron
- Ancient Greek: -τρον (-tron) (see there for further descendants)
- Mycenaean Greek: -𐀵𐀫 (-to-ro /⁠-tron⁠/)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-tram
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-tram
  - Sanskrit: -त्र (-tra)
- Proto-Iranian: *-θra
  - Avestan: -𐬙𐬭𐬀 (-tra), -𐬛𐬭𐬀 (-dra), -𐬚𐬭𐬀 (-θra)
Proto-Italic: *-trom
- Latin: -trum

References

Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 61
OLSEN (1989)