Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/CiŋaS

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian edit

Noun edit

*CiŋaS

food particles caught between the teeth

Descendants edit

Northern Formosan
- Northwestern Formosan
  - Saisiyat: SingaS
  - Kulon-Pazeh: singas
Atayalic
- Taroko: singas
East Formosan
- Kavalanic
  - Kavalan: tingas
- Ami
  - Amis: tingas
  - Sakizaya: tingas
Tsouic
- Southern Tsouic
  - Saaroa: hliutinga
Rukaic
- Rukai: muacíŋasə
Southern Formosan
- Bunun: cingas
- Puyuma: tringa
- Paiwan: cingas
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *tiŋah
- Philippine
  - Batanic
    - Ivatan: tinya
    - Ibatan: tinya
  - Northern Luzon
    - Northwestern Luzon
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: tinga
  - Central Luzon
    - Kapampangan: tinga
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: tingá
      - Bikol Central: tinga
      - Mansaka: tinga
      - Visayan
        Cebuano: tinga
        Aklanon: tinga
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: tingá
    - Manobo
      - Western Bukidnon Manobo: tinga
  - Minahasan: *tiŋa
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Ida'an: tingo
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Malayic
    - Iban: tinga
- Celebic
  - Kaili–Pamona
    - Pamona: tinga

References edit

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *CiŋaS.