Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṯamāniy-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic edit

Etymology edit

Compare with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⴰⵎ (tam) and Egyptian ḫmnw.

Numeral edit

**Proto-Semitic numbers ^(edit)**
← 7	8	9 →
Cardinal: *ṯamāniy-

*ṯamāniy-

eight

Usage notes edit

This number exhibited chiastic concord (gender polarity), in which masculine forms were used to agree with feminine nouns, and feminine forms with masculine nouns.

Inflection edit

Declension of *ṯamāniy-

Case	m	f
Nominative	*ṯamāniyum	*ṯamāniyatum
Genitive	*ṯamāniyim	*ṯamāniyatim
Accusative	*ṯamāniyam	*ṯamāniyatam

Descendants edit

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒐍 (samānat)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: ثَمَانِيَة (ṯamāniya)
    - Egyptian Arabic: تمانية (tamanya)
    - Maltese: tmienja
    - Moroccan Arabic: تمنية (tmanya)
    - South Levantine Arabic: تمانية (tamanye)
  - Aramaic:
    Syriac script: ܬ݁ܡܳܢܝܳܐ (tmānyā), ܬ݁ܡܳܢܶܐ (tmāne)
    
    Hebrew script: תְּמָנְיָא (təmānəyā), תְּמָנֶא (tmāne)
    
    Western Neo-Aramaic: ܬܡܢܝܐ m (ṯmōnya), ܬܡܢ f (ṯmōn)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: שְׁמוֹנָה (sh'moná, šəmônâ), שְׁמוֹנֶה (sh'moné, šəmônɛ̂)
      - Phoenician: 𐤔𐤌𐤍 (šmn)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎘𐎎𐎐𐎚 (ṯmnt /⁠ṯamānītu⁠/)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Amharic: ስምንት (səmmənt)
  - Ge'ez: ሰማንቱ (sämantu), ሰማኒ (sämani)
  - Tigrinya: ሸሞንተ (šämmontä)
  - Tigre: ሰማን (samān)

References edit

Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN, page 61