Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-itъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
Derived from *-tъ appended to *-éyti proverbal ending, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tós.
Suffix edit
*-ìtъ
- From nouns in *-mę, forms adjectives denoting property or a characteristic
- *jьmę (“name”) → *jьmenitъ (“famous”)
- *znamę (“flag, standard”) → *znamenitъ (“famous, well-known”)
- *sěmę (“seed”) → *sěmenitъ (“prolific, copious”)
- *plemę (“tribe”) → *plemenitъ (“noble”)
- From abstract nouns in i-stem, forms adjectives denoting possession of the referred characteristic
- From o-stem nouns, forms adjectives denoting an abstract characteristic
- From nouns extended transferred into adjectives via *-ovъ, forms adjectives denoting property or characteristic. Equivalent to *-ovitъ
- From archaic u-stem nouns:
- *domъ (“home”) → *domovitъ (“pertaining to a household”)
- *(j)ědъ (“poison, resentment”) → *(j)ědovitъ (“poisonous, resentful”)
- From o-stem nouns:
- *plodъ (“fruit”) → *plodovitъ (“fruitful”)
- *morkъ (“darkness”) → *morkovitъ (“grim, murky”)
Usage notes edit
- The t-suffix bears imperfective connotation. For the perfective case, the suffix *-ьnъ is applied, e.g. Russian явный (javnyj, “obvious, evident, one which was shown”) : Russian явитый (javityj, “apparent, evidential, one which has been showing (and continues to show)”).
Related terms edit
Declension edit
Indefinite declension of *-itъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-itъ | *-ita | *-ito |
| genitive | *-ita | *-ity | *-ita |
| dative | *-itu | *-itě | *-itu |
| accusative | *-itъ | *-itǫ | *-ito |
| instrumental | *-itomь | *-itojǫ | *-itomь |
| locative | *-itě | *-itě | *-itě |
| vocative | *-ite | *-ito | *-ito |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *-ita | *-itě | *-itě |
| genitive | *-itu | *-itu | *-itu |
| dative | *-itoma | *-itama | *-itoma |
| accusative | *-ita | *-itě | *-itě |
| instrumental | *-itoma | *-itama | *-itoma |
| locative | *-itu | *-itu | *-itu |
| vocative | *-ita | *-itě | *-itě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *-iti | *-ity | *-ita |
| genitive | *-itъ | *-itъ | *-itъ |
| dative | *-itomъ | *-itamъ | *-itomъ |
| accusative | *-ity | *-ity | *-ita |
| instrumental | *-ity | *-itami | *-ity |
| locative | *-itěxъ | *-itaxъ | *-itěxъ |
| vocative | *-iti | *-ity | *-ita |
Definite declension of *-itъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-itъjь | *-itaja | *-itoje |
| genitive | *-itajego | *-ityję̇ | *-itajego |
| dative | *-itujemu | *-itěji | *-itujemu |
| accusative | *-itъjь | *-itǫjǫ | *-itoje |
| instrumental | *-ityjimь | *-itǫjǫ | *-ityjimь |
| locative | *-itějemь | *-itěji | *-itějemь |
| vocative | *-itъjь | *-itaja | *-itoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *-itaja | *-itěji | *-itěji |
| genitive | *-ituju | *-ituju | *-ituju |
| dative | *-ityjima | *-ityjima | *-ityjima |
| accusative | *-itaja | *-itěji | *-itěji |
| instrumental | *-ityjima | *-ityjima | *-ityjima |
| locative | *-ituju | *-ituju | *-ituju |
| vocative | *-itaja | *-itěji | *-itěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *-itiji | *-ityję̇ | *-itaja |
| genitive | *-itъjixъ | *-itъjixъ | *-itъjixъ |
| dative | *-ityjimъ | *-ityjimъ | *-ityjimъ |
| accusative | *-ityję̇ | *-ityję̇ | *-itaja |
| instrumental | *-ityjimi | *-ityjimi | *-ityjimi |
| locative | *-ityjixъ | *-ityjixъ | *-ityjixъ |
| vocative | *-itiji | *-ityję̇ | *-itaja |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 96
- Duridinov et al. (1991): "-итъ" in Граматика на Старобългарския език (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 221