Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gryža

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Nomen acti of *gryzti (“to gnaw”) +‎ *-ja.

Noun

*grỳža f

1. physical discomfort, pain (usually in the stomach)

   → dysentery, hernia

2. worry, concern

Declension

Declension of *grỳža (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grỳža	*grỳži	*grỳžę̇
genitive	*grỳžę̇	*grỳžu	*grỳžь
dative	*grỳžī	*grỳžama	*grỳžāmъ
accusative	*grỳžǫ	*grỳži	*grỳžę̇
instrumental	*grỳžējǫ, *grỳžǭ*	*grỳžama	*grỳžāmī
locative	*grỳžī	*grỳžu	*grỳžāsъ
vocative	*grỳže	*grỳži	*grỳžę̇

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *gruzъ (“crushed stone”)
• *gryza (“bite”)
• *gryzota (“worry”)
• *gryzačь (“rodent”)

Derived terms

• *gryžiti (“to worry, to care”)
• *gryževьnъ (“caring, concerned”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: гры́жа (hrýža)
  • Russian: гры́жа (grýža)
  • Russian: гри́жа (gríža, “sorrow”) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: гри́жа (hrýža)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: гри́жа (gríža, “concern, worry”)
  • Macedonian: грижа (griža, “concern, worry”)
  • Serbo-Croatian: grȉža
  • Slovene: grȋža (tonal orthography)
• Other:
  • Romanian: grijă (“concern, worry”)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гры́жа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gryža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 161
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “грижа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 281