Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gyža
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúnˀźjāˀ (“clump”) (possibly *gū́ˀźjāˀ), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *genǵ- or *gunǵ- (“to clump, to curl”) (compare English kink). Cognate with Latvian gũža, Lithuanian gū̃žė (“head of cabbage”) (dial. gū́žė, gųnžỹs (“cabbage sprout; Adam's apple”) (i-stem)). Possibly doubleted by Proto-Slavic *guga (“lump”) (whence Polish guga, dial. Russian гу́гля (gúglja)), formally from Proto-Indo-European *gewg-.
Besides acute reflexes, Lithuanian also exhibit seemingly related terms with grave intonation, e.g. Lithuanian gùnga (“hump”), gùžas (“bump, knot”), gugà (“hunch”).
Noun edit
*gyža f[1]
Declension edit
Declension of *gyža (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *gyža | *gỳži | *gỳžę̇ |
| genitive | *gỳžę̇ | *gỳžu | *gỳžь |
| dative | *gỳžī | *gỳžama | *gỳžāmъ |
| accusative | *gỳžǫ | *gỳži | *gỳžę̇ |
| instrumental | *gỳžējǫ, *gỳžǭ* | *gỳžama | *gỳžāmī |
| locative | *gỳžī | *gỳžu | *gỳžāsъ |
| vocative | *gỳže | *gỳži | *gỳžę̇ |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms edit
- *gǫzъ, *gǫza (“bump”)
- *guga (“lump”)
- *gyčь (“haulm, bud”) (possibly)
- *guta (“clump; tuber (of plant)”) (possibly)
Descendants edit
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading edit
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gyža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 224
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гижа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 241
- “gunžys”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References edit
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gyža”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 196: “f. jā (a?) ‘stump’”