Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/loviti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic edit

Etymology edit

From *lȏvъ (“hunting, hunt”) +‎ *-iti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *law-. Cognate with Lithuanian lavùs (“adroit, clever”), lãvyti, lãvinti (“to train, to develop”), Latvian lavît (“to catch”), although per Derksen the latter verb is probably a Slavic borrowing. Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“to capture, enjoy”) (e.g., see Vasmer). Per Derksen, no clear cognates outside of Balto-Slavic.

Verb edit

*lovìti impf^[1]^[2]

(transitive, intransitive) to hunt
(transitive, intransitive) to chase, pursue
(transitive) to catch

Inflection edit

Conjugation of *loviti, *lovi, *lovitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lovľenьje	*loviti	*lovitъ	*lovilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lovľenъ	*lovimъ
Active	*lovľь	*lovę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lovixъ	*lovi	*lovi	*lovľǫ	*loviši	*lovitь
Dual	*lovixově	*lovista	*loviste	*lovivě	*lovita	*lovite
Plural	*lovixomъ	*loviste	*lovišę	*lovimъ	*lovite	*lovętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lovľaaxъ	*lovľaaše	*lovľaaše	—	*lovi	*lovi
Dual	*lovľaaxově	*lovľaašeta	*lovľaašete	*lovivě	*lovita	—
Plural	*lovľaaxomъ	*lovľaašete	*lovľaaxǫ	*lovimъ	*lovite	—

(*)*lovivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms edit

*lȏvъ (“hunting, hunt”)
*lȍvъkъ (“adroit”)

Descendants edit

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ловити (loviti) (accent paradigm c)
  - Belarusian: лаві́ць (lavícʹ)
  - Russian: лови́ть (lovítʹ)
  - Ukrainian: лови́ти (lovýty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: ловити (loviti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: ловя́ (lovjá)
- Macedonian: лови (lovi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ло̀вити
  
  Latin script: lòviti
- Slovene: lovīti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: loviti
  - Czech: lovit
- Old Polish: łowić
  - Polish: łowić
- Kashubian: łowic
- Slovak: loviť
- Slovincian: lôvjic
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: łojić
  - Lower Sorbian: łoiś

Non-Slavic:
- Megleno-Romanian: luves
- Romanian: lovi

References edit

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lovìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 286: “v. (c) ‘(try to) catch’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “loviti: lovjǫ lovitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 257; PR 140)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lovìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 286: “v. (c) ‘(try to) catch’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “loviti: lovjǫ lovitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 257; PR 140)”

[1]

[2]