Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/męsti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *menstei, from Proto-Indo-European *menth₂- (given as *mentH- in Derksen). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mę̃sti (“to mix”) (3sg. meñčia). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit मन्थति (mánthati, “to whirl, to rub”) (also मथ्नाति (mathnā́ti), मथति (máthati)), मन्थयति (manthayati, “to shake, to stir”) (also मथयति (mathayati)), Tocharian A mäntācär (“you are injured”, 2pl.), Tocharian B mintanaṃ (“to mix (clay with water)”). Per Vasmer, also cognate with Latin mamphur (“part of a lathe”) (an apparent borrowing from unattested Oscan *manfar), Vulgar Latin *mandar (the unattested ancestor of French mandrin (“mandrel”), which has added the Latin ending -īnus), Old Norse mǫndull (“handmill lever”); but all of these require a Proto-Indo-European root *mendʰ-.

Verb

*męstì

1. to stir, to make turbid
2. to trouble, to enervate

Inflection

Conjugation of *męsti, *męte, *mętetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*mętenьje	*męsti	*męstъ	*mętlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*mętenъ	*mętomъ
Active	*mętъ	*męty

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*męt(ox)ъ	*męte	*męte	*mętǫ	*męteši	*mętetь
Dual	*męt(ox)ově	*męt(e/os)ta	*męt(e/os)te	*mętevě	*męteta	*mętete
Plural	*męt(ox)omъ	*męt(e/os)te	*mętǫ, *mętošę	*mętemъ	*mętete	*mętǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mętěaxъ	*mętěaše	*mętěaše	—	*męti	*męti
Dual	*mętěaxově	*mętěašeta	*mętěašete	*mętěvě	*mętěta	—
Plural	*mętěaxomъ	*mętěašete	*mętěaxǫ	*mętěmъ	*mętěte	—

Related terms

• *mǫtiti (“to stir, to trouble”)

Derived terms

• *mętežь

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: мꙗсти (mjasti)
    • Russian: мясти́ (mjastí) (obsolete)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: мѧсти (męsti)

    Glagolitic: ⰿⱔⱄⱅⰻ (męsti)

  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ме́сти

    Latin script: mésti

  • Slovene: mẹ́sti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: miesti
    • Czech: mást
  • Slovak: miasť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: mjasć
    • Lower Sorbian: měsć (archaic)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “мяту́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*menth₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 438–439
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*męsti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 12