Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъlkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *telkʷ-, cognate with Sanskrit तर्क (tarka, “conjecture”), Latin loquor (“to speak”), Old Irish do·tluchethar (“to ask”), ad·tluchedar (“to thank”).

Noun

*tъlkъ m

1. interpretation
2. interpreter

Inflection

Declension of *tъlkъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tъlkъ	*tъlka	*tъlci
genitive	*tъlka	*tъlku	*tъlkъ
dative	*tъlku	*tъlkoma	*tъlkomъ
accusative	*tъlkъ	*tъlka	*tъlky
instrumental	*tъlkъmь, *tъlkomь*	*tъlkoma	*tъlky
locative	*tъlcě	*tъlku	*tъlcěxъ
vocative	*tъlče	*tъlka	*tъlci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *tъlkovati (“to interpret”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: тълкъ (tŭlkŭ)
    • Belarusian: толк (tolk)
    • Russian: толк (tolk)
      • → Estonian: tõlk
      • → Finnish: tolkku
      • → Ingrian: tolkku
      • → Kildin Sami: то̄ӆӆк (tōl̥l̥k)
      • → Votic: tolkku
    • Ukrainian: товк (tovk)
    • → Latvian: tulks
    • → Livonian: tulk
    • → Lithuanian: tùlkas
    • → Middle Low German: tolk
      • → Dutch: tolk
        • Afrikaans: tolk
          • → Fanagalo: tolik (or via Zulu)
        • → Caribbean Hindustani: tolak
        • → Caribbean Javanese: toleg
      • → Old Norse: tulkr
        • Icelandic: túlkur
        • Faroese: tulkur
        • Norwegian: tolk
        • Old Swedish: tolker
          • Swedish: tolk
          • → Finnish: tulkki
        • Danish: tolk
        • →? Middle English: tulk, tulke, tolke
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: тлъкъ (tlŭkŭ)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “толк”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “толк”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 248
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “толк”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “тълкъ, толкъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, толкъ column 1046