Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic edit

Etymology edit

Unknown^[1]; sometimes compared to Latvian spîlêt (“to pinch, clamp”), though semantically unconvincing.^[2]

Noun edit

*spil n

dance
game, exercise

Inflection edit

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*spil
Genitive	*spilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*spil	spilō, spilōs
Accusative	*spil	*spilā
Genitive	*spilas	*spilō
Dative	*spilē	*spilum
Instrumental	*spilu	*spilum

Derived terms edit

*spilōn

Descendants edit

Old English: *spil
- Middle English: spil, spyl, spile, spille, spele
Old Saxon: spil
- Middle Low German: spil, spel
  - → Icelandic: spil
  - → Norwegian: spill, spell, spel
  - → Old Swedish: spil
    - Swedish: spel
    - → Finnish: pila
  - → Danish: spil
  - → Finnish: peli
Old Dutch: *spil
- Middle Dutch: spil, spel
  - Dutch: spel
    - → English: spell
Old High German: spil
- Middle High German: spiel
  - German: Spiel
    - → Czech: špílec
    - → English: spiel
  - Lombard: spill
  - Luxembourgish: Spill
  - Yiddish: שפּיל (shpil)
    - → English: spiel

References edit

^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) chapter 687, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page Spiel
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) chapter 687, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page Spiel

[EDPG-2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1]

[2]