bernen
Middle Dutch edit
Etymology edit
A mixture of two verbs:
Verb edit
bernen
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
- (transitive) to burn, to cause to be on fire or consumed by fire
Inflection edit
| Strong class 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | bernen | |
| 3rd sg. past | barn | |
| 3rd pl. past | bornen | |
| Past participle | gebornen | |
| Infinitive | bernen | |
| In genitive | bernens | |
| In dative | bernene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berne | barn |
| 2nd singular | berns, bernes | borns, bornes |
| 3rd singular | bernt, bernet | barn |
| 1st plural | bernen | bornen |
| 2nd plural | bernt, bernet | bornt, bornet |
| 3rd plural | bernen | bornen |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berne | borne |
| 2nd singular | berns, bernes | bornes |
| 3rd singular | berne | borne |
| 1st plural | bernen | bornen |
| 2nd plural | bernt, bernet | bornet |
| 3rd plural | bernen | bornen |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | bern, berne | |
| Plural | bernt, bernet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | bernende | gebornen |
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | bernen | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | bernen | |
| In genitive | bernens | |
| In dative | bernene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berne | — |
| 2nd singular | berns, bernes | — |
| 3rd singular | bernt, bernet | — |
| 1st plural | bernen | — |
| 2nd plural | bernt, bernet | — |
| 3rd plural | bernen | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berne | — |
| 2nd singular | berns, bernes | — |
| 3rd singular | berne | — |
| 1st plural | bernen | — |
| 2nd plural | bernt, bernet | — |
| 3rd plural | bernen | — |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | bern, berne | |
| Plural | bernt, bernet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | bernende | — |
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “bernen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “bernen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English birnan, metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”).
Verb edit
bernen
- To burn.
- 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Manciples Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xcix, recto, column 2:
- That for the tyraunt is of greater might / By force of meyne, to ſlee downe right / And brenne houſe & home, & make al playn, / Lo therfore is he called a capitayne / And for the outlawe hath but ſmal meyne / And maie not do ſo great an harm, as he / Ne brynge a countrey to ſo great miſchefe / Men callen him an outlawe or a thefe
- That because the tyrant is of greater might / By force of retinue, to slay downright / And burn house and home, and make all level / Lo therefore is he called a captain / And because the outlaw has but a small retinue / And may not do so great a harm as he [the tyrant] / Nor bring a country to so great mischief / Men call him an outlaw or a thief
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?)
Descendants edit
References edit
- “brennen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.