dían

See also: dian, Dian, diàn, dián, diān, Diān, and diǎn

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₁- (“fly, move swiftly”); compare Ancient Greek δίεμαι (díemai, “hasten”), Sanskrit दीयति (dī́yati, “fly”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdʲiːa̯n]

Adjective

dían (equative dénithir, comparative déniu)

1. swift, rapid, quick
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112^b12

     Is déniu ad·ciam húa ṡúlib risíu ro·cloammar in fogur húa chluasaib, ut est is toísigiu ad·ciam teilciud in béla resíu ro·cloammar a guth sidi.

     We see more quickly with the eyes before we hear the sound with the ears, ut est we see the throwing of the axe sooner before we hear the sound of this.

2. sudden, hasty
3. impetuous, vehement, violent

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	dían	dían	dían
Vocative	déin* dían**
Accusative	dían	déin
Genitive	déin	déine	déin
Dative	dían	déin	dían
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	déin	díana
Vocative	díanu díana†
Accusative	díanu díana†
Genitive	dían
Dative	díanaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: dian
• Scottish Gaelic: dian
• Manx: jeean

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
dían	dían pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/	ndían
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 dían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language