erjed
See also: érjed
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
From erő + -ed (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1] The earlier forms were erjedezik, then erjedzik. According to another source, erjed is a back-formation from erjedzik. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[2]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
erjed
- (intransitive) to ferment (to undergo fermentation)
- Synonym: fermentálódik
Conjugation edit
conjugation of erjed
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | erjedek | erjedsz | erjed | erjedünk | erjedtek | erjednek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | erjedtem | erjedtél | erjedt | erjedtünk | erjedtetek | erjedtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. erjedni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | erjedék | erjedél | erjede | erjedénk | erjedétek | erjedének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. erjed vala, erjedt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | erjedendek | erjedendesz | erjedend | erjedendünk | erjedendetek | erjedendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | erjednék | erjednél | erjedne | erjednénk | erjednétek | erjednének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. erjedt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | erjedjek | erjedj or erjedjél |
erjedjen | erjedjünk | erjedjetek | erjedjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. erjedt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | erjedni | erjednem | erjedned | erjednie | erjednünk | erjednetek | erjedniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| erjedés | erjedő | erjedt | ― | erjedve (erjedvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of erjed
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | erjedhetek | erjedhetsz | erjedhet | erjedhetünk | erjedhettek | erjedhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | erjedhettem | erjedhettél | erjedhetett | erjedhettünk | erjedhettetek | erjedhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | erjedheték | erjedhetél | erjedhete | erjedheténk | erjedhetétek | erjedhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. erjedhet vala, erjedhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | erjedhetendek or erjedandhatok |
erjedhetendesz or erjedandhatsz |
erjedhetend or erjedandhat |
erjedhetendünk or erjedandhatunk |
erjedhetendetek or erjedandhattok |
erjedhetendenek or erjedandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | erjedhetnék | erjedhetnél | erjedhetne | erjedhetnénk | erjedhetnétek | erjedhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. erjedhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | erjedhessek | erjedhess or erjedhessél |
erjedhessen | erjedhessünk | erjedhessetek | erjedhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. erjedhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (erjedhetni) | (erjedhetnem) | (erjedhetned) | (erjedhetnie) | (erjedhetnünk) | (erjedhetnetek) | (erjedhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (erjedhetve / erjedhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ erjed in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ erjed in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading edit
- erjed in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- erjed in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)