féin
Irish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish féin, from Proto-Celtic *swesin (from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself”)) + *sin (anaphoric pronoun).[1]
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /heːnʲ/, /fʲeːnʲ/
- (Aran, also) IPA(key): /pʲeːnʲ/[2] (corresponds to the form péin)
- (Ulster, rare) IPA(key): /hiːnʲ/[3]
Pronoun edit
féin
- self
- mé féin ― myself (both emphatic and reflexive)
- sinn féin ― ourselves; we ourselves
- own
- Thóg mé mo theach féin.
- I built my own house.
Derived terms edit
Adverb edit
féin
Further reading edit
- “féin”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “féin”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 308
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “féin”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 30
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
féin
Mutation edit
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| féin | fhéin | bhféin |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References edit
- ^ Peter Schrijver (1997) Studies in the History of Celtic Pronouns and Particles (Maynooth Studies in Celtic Linguistics; II), Maynooth: The Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, →ISBN, § III.2, pages 75–76
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 109
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 46
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *swesin (from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself”)) + *sin (anaphoric pronoun).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
féin
- self
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 17b12
- Non·samlafammar frinn fesine.
- We will liken ourselves to ourselves.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 17b12
- (adjectival) one's own
Usage notes edit
The difference between the féin/céin set and the fadéin/cadéin set appears to be that the latter are contrastively reflexive (‘oneself as opposed to someone else’) while the former do not suggest any contrast. The difference between the f- forms and the c- forms may be that the latter have a connotation of ‘even/also oneself’ that the former do not have.[2]
Inflection edit
| féin | fadéin | céin | cadéin | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg. | féin | fadéin | céin | cadéin |
| 2 sg. | féin | fadéin | — | — |
| 3 sg. m./n. | fes(s)in, feis(s)in féin |
fades(s)in, fadeis(s)in fadéne |
ces(s)in, ceis(s)in | cades(s)in, cadeis(s)in |
| 3 sg. f. | fes(s)in, feis(s)in, fissin fes(s)ine, feisine, feis(s)ne |
fadisin fade(is)sne |
— | — |
| 1 pl. | fes(s)ine | fanis(s)in | — | canisin |
| 2 pl. | fes(s)in, feis(s)in feis(s)ne |
fanis(s)in | — | — |
| 3 pl. | fes(s)in, feis(s)in fes(s)ine, feisine, feis(s)ne |
fades(s)in, fadeis(s)in, fedesin fades(s)ine, fadeisine, fadeis(s)ne |
ceisne | cades(s)in, cadeis(s)in cades(s)ine, cadeisine, cadesne |
Mutation edit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| féin | ḟéin | féin pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References edit
- ^ Peter Schrijver (1997) Studies in the History of Celtic Pronouns and Particles (Maynooth Studies in Celtic Linguistics; II), Maynooth: The Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, →ISBN, § III.2, pages 75–76
- ^ Peter Schrijver (1997) Studies in the History of Celtic Pronouns and Particles (Maynooth Studies in Celtic Linguistics; II), Maynooth: The Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, →ISBN, §§ III.2, III.4, pages 72, 78–83
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fadéin, féin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 485, pages 306–7
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 153
Old Norse edit
Noun edit
féin