hairahtaa

Finnish

Etymology

hair- +‎ -ahtaa; from the same root as häiritä, but with back vowels.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑi̯rɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝i̯rɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑirɑhtɑː
• Syllabification^(key): hai‧rah‧taa

Verb

hairahtaa

1. (intransitive, physically) To slip, fall, lose one's balance, take a wrong step.
2. (intransitive, morally) To slip, stray (from the straight and narrow path), commit an indiscretion.

Conjugation

Inflection of hairahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hairahdan	en hairahda	1st sing.	olen hairahtanut	en ole hairahtanut
2nd sing.		hairahdat	et hairahda	2nd sing.	olet hairahtanut	et ole hairahtanut
3rd sing.		hairahtaa	ei hairahda	3rd sing.	on hairahtanut	ei ole hairahtanut
1st plur.		hairahdamme	emme hairahda	1st plur.	olemme hairahtaneet	emme ole hairahtaneet
2nd plur.		hairahdatte	ette hairahda	2nd plur.	olette hairahtaneet	ette ole hairahtaneet
3rd plur.		hairahtavat	eivät hairahda	3rd plur.	ovat hairahtaneet	eivät ole hairahtaneet
passive		hairahdetaan	ei hairahdeta	passive	on hairahdettu	ei ole hairahdettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hairahdin	en hairahtanut	1st sing.	olin hairahtanut	en ollut hairahtanut
2nd sing.		hairahdit	et hairahtanut	2nd sing.	olit hairahtanut	et ollut hairahtanut
3rd sing.		hairahti	ei hairahtanut	3rd sing.	oli hairahtanut	ei ollut hairahtanut
1st plur.		hairahdimme	emme hairahtaneet	1st plur.	olimme hairahtaneet	emme olleet hairahtaneet
2nd plur.		hairahditte	ette hairahtaneet	2nd plur.	olitte hairahtaneet	ette olleet hairahtaneet
3rd plur.		hairahtivat	eivät hairahtaneet	3rd plur.	olivat hairahtaneet	eivät olleet hairahtaneet
passive		hairahdettiin	ei hairahdettu	passive	oli hairahdettu	ei ollut hairahdettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hairahtaisin	en hairahtaisi	1st sing.	olisin hairahtanut	en olisi hairahtanut
2nd sing.		hairahtaisit	et hairahtaisi	2nd sing.	olisit hairahtanut	et olisi hairahtanut
3rd sing.		hairahtaisi	ei hairahtaisi	3rd sing.	olisi hairahtanut	ei olisi hairahtanut
1st plur.		hairahtaisimme	emme hairahtaisi	1st plur.	olisimme hairahtaneet	emme olisi hairahtaneet
2nd plur.		hairahtaisitte	ette hairahtaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte hairahtaneet	ette olisi hairahtaneet
3rd plur.		hairahtaisivat	eivät hairahtaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat hairahtaneet	eivät olisi hairahtaneet
passive		hairahdettaisiin	ei hairahdettaisi	passive	olisi hairahdettu	ei olisi hairahdettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		hairahda	älä hairahda	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		hairahtakoon	älköön hairahtako	3rd sing.	olkoon hairahtanut	älköön olko hairahtanut
1st plur.		hairahtakaamme	älkäämme hairahtako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		hairahtakaa	älkää hairahtako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		hairahtakoot	älkööt hairahtako	3rd plur.	olkoot hairahtaneet	älkööt olko hairahtaneet
passive		hairahdettakoon	älköön hairahdettako	passive	olkoon hairahdettu	älköön olko hairahdettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hairahtanen	en hairahtane	1st sing.	lienen hairahtanut	en liene hairahtanut
2nd sing.		hairahtanet	et hairahtane	2nd sing.	lienet hairahtanut	et liene hairahtanut
3rd sing.		hairahtanee	ei hairahtane	3rd sing.	lienee hairahtanut	ei liene hairahtanut
1st plur.		hairahtanemme	emme hairahtane	1st plur.	lienemme hairahtaneet	emme liene hairahtaneet
2nd plur.		hairahtanette	ette hairahtane	2nd plur.	lienette hairahtaneet	ette liene hairahtaneet
3rd plur.		hairahtanevat	eivät hairahtane	3rd plur.	lienevät hairahtaneet	eivät liene hairahtaneet
passive		hairahdettaneen	ei hairahdettane	passive	lienee hairahdettu	ei liene hairahdettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		hairahtaa		present	hairahtava	hairahdettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hairahtaakseni hairahtaaksemme 2nd hairahtaaksesi hairahtaaksenne 3rd hairahtaakseen hairahtaaksensa		past	hairahtanut	hairahdettu
2nd	inessive2	hairahtaessa	hairahdettaessa	agent3	hairahtama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hairahtaessani hairahtaessamme 2nd hairahtaessasi hairahtaessanne 3rd hairahtaessaan hairahtaessansa		negative	hairahtamaton
	instructive	hairahtaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). * The third-person singular indicative form hairahtaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	hairahtamassa	—
	elative	hairahtamasta	—
	illative	hairahtamaan	—
	adessive	hairahtamalla	—
	abessive	hairahtamatta	—
	instructive	hairahtaman	hairahdettaman
4th4	verbal noun	hairahtaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hairahtamaisillani hairahtamaisillamme 2nd hairahtamaisillasi hairahtamaisillanne 3rd hairahtamaisillaan hairahtamaisillansa

Synonyms

• (to slip, stray from the straight and narrow path): langeta, sortua

Derived terms

nouns

• hairahdus
• hairahtaminen

 

verbs

• hairahtua

 

Further reading

• “hairahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02