saidid
See also: sáidid
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
A verb with a normally simple etymology but complicated by an irregular preterite.
- Most forms are from Proto-Celtic *sedeti, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, with an analogical vocalism taking after laigid.[1][2]
- The deponent preterite forms, such as síasair, are subject to controversy. Thurneysen on the one hand believed it is a blend of an s-preterite and a reduplicated preterite, i.e. a reduplicated s-preterite.[3] McCone and Matasović on the other hand believe that they are suppletive and originally belonged to Proto-Celtic *sistati, which itself is derived from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti.[4][5]
- The perfect forms, in contrast, are not suppletive despite their irregular augments (dí- + in-) and preserve the old preterite of Proto-Celtic *sedeti, *sāde in any case.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
saidid (verbal noun suide)
- to sit (down)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 26a8
- Seiss i tempul amal do·n-essid Críst; ꝉ do·géntar aidchumtach tempuil less, et pridchibid smactu rechto fetarlicce, et gébtit Iudei i n-apid, et ɔ·scéra rect núíadnissi.
- He will sit in the temple as Christ sat; or rebuilding of the temple will be done by him, and he will preach the institutes of the law of the Old Testament, and the Jews will accept him as lord, and he will destroy the law of the New Testament.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 26a8
Inflection edit
The preterite is reduplicated, while the perfect is from an á-preterite formation obscured in the plural by analogical palatalization.
Simple, class B I present, reduplicated and á preterite, unreduplicated s future, s subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | saidi | saidid | sedait | |||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | saides | sedda | |||||||
| Imperfect indicative | ·saided | ·saiditis | |||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | síasair | siasatar | ||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | du·essid, do·essid | do·esetar | ||||||
| Prot. | ·dessad | ·desid | ·deissitar | ||||||
| Future | Abs. | seiss | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | ·sesed | ||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | sius | seiss | ||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·sessed | ||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | suide | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- ⇒ Middle Irish: suidid (“to sit, set”) (with vowel changed under the influence of the verbal noun and transitive suidigidir)
Mutation edit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| saidid | ṡaidid | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sed-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 325-326
- ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 186
- ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 690
- ^ McCone, Kim (1997) The Early Irish Verb (Maynooth Monographs 1), 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, →ISBN, page 79
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*si-sta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “saidid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language