See also: siúr

Old Irish edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

siur f (genitive sethar, nominative plural sethir)

  1. sister
  2. kinswoman, female relation

Declension edit

Feminine r-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative siur siairL, sieirL sethir
Vocative siur siairL, sieirL sethraH
Accusative siairN, sieirN siairL, sieirL sethraH
Genitive sethar setharL setharN
Dative siairL, sieirL sethraib sethraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Irish: siúr
  • Manx: shuyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: piuthar (back-formed from lenited form fiur, phiur)

Mutation edit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
siur phiur, fiur unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Note: Old Irish s, when from Proto-Celtic *sɸ- and *sw-, was lenited as /f/ (spelled ⟨ph⟩ or ⟨f⟩), rather than the usual /h/ (spelled ⟨ṡ⟩).

References edit