tosceadan

Old English

Alternative forms

• tōscādan

Etymology

Equivalent to tō- +‎ sceādan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toːˈʃɑː.dɑn/
• IPA^(key): /toːˈʃæ͜ɑː.dɑn/

Verb

tōsċeādan or tōsċēadan

1. (transitive, literal) to divide into two; to separate one thing from another (+ on tū)
   • 1921, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online:

     Nēah ðam sǣ ðe Engla land and Pehta land tōscēadeþ.

     Near to the sea which separates England from Pictland.

2. (transitive, figurative)
   1. to divide into parties; to cause division
   2. to separate (such as contending parties); to judge or decide between
   3. to make a distinction; to distinguish between; to treat or look upon differently
   4. to separate one thing from another
   5. to separate with the mind; to discern, discriminate, or distinguish
   6. to separate things from another; to order, dispose, appoint
   7. to separate the parts of a confused whole; to expound, interpret, or render intelligible
3. to send in different directions; to scatter or disperse
4. (intransitive) to be separated; to differ
   • 1921, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online:

     His līf tōscēd fram ūssa tīda āswundenesse.

     His life differed from our time's slothfulness.

Conjugation

Conjugation of tōsċeādan (strong class 7)

infinitive	tōsċeādan	tōsċeādenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	tōsċeāde	tōsċēd, tōsċēad
second person singular	tōsċēatst	tōsċēde, tōsċēade
third person singular	tōsċēatt, tōsċēat	tōsċēd, tōsċēad
plural	tōsċeādaþ	tōsċēdon, tōsċēadon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	tōsċeāde	tōsċēde, tōsċēade
plural	tōsċeāden	tōsċēden, tōsċēaden
imperative
singular	tōsċeād
plural	tōsċeādaþ
participle	present	past
	tōsċeādende	tōsċeāden

Conjugation of tōsċēadan (strong class 7)

infinitive	tōsċēadan	tōsċēadenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	tōsċēade	tōsċēd, tōsċēad
second person singular	tōsċēatst	tōsċēde, tōsċēade
third person singular	tōsċēatt, tōsċēat	tōsċēd, tōsċēad
plural	tōsċēadaþ	tōsċēdon, tōsċēadon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	tōsċēade	tōsċēde, tōsċēade
plural	tōsċēaden	tōsċēden, tōsċēaden
imperative
singular	tōsċēad
plural	tōsċēadaþ
participle	present	past
	tōsċēadende	tōsċēaden

Descendants

• Middle English: toscheden, toschede, to schede, to scheden, to shædenn, to sheden

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “tosceadan”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.