tundo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *tundō, nasal infix present from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Cognate with Old Irish do·tuit (“falls, crumbles”), Dutch stoten, German stoßen, English stot, Albanian shtyj (“to push”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtun.doː/, [ˈt̪ʊn̪d̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtun.do/, [ˈt̪un̪d̪o]

Verb

tundō (present infinitive tundere, perfect active tutudī, supine tūnsum); third conjugation

1. to beat, strike, buffet
2. to pound, bruise, crush, pulp, bray (as in a mortar)
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.267:

     proderit et tunsum gallae admiscere saporem […]

     It's good too to blend a taste of pounded oak-apples […]

3. to keep on at, assail

Conjugation

• The fourth principal part may be tūnsum or tūsum.

Conjugation of tundō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	tundō	tundis	tundit	tundimus	tunditis	tundunt
	imperfect	tundēbam	tundēbās	tundēbat	tundēbāmus	tundēbātis	tundēbant
	future	tundam	tundēs	tundet	tundēmus	tundētis	tundent
	perfect	tutudī	tutudistī	tutudit	tutudimus	tutudistis	tutudērunt, tutudēre
	pluperfect	tutuderam	tutuderās	tutuderat	tutuderāmus	tutuderātis	tutuderant
	future perfect	tutuderō	tutuderis	tutuderit	tutuderimus	tutuderitis	tutuderint
passive	present	tundor	tunderis, tundere	tunditur	tundimur	tundiminī	tunduntur
	imperfect	tundēbar	tundēbāris, tundēbāre	tundēbātur	tundēbāmur	tundēbāminī	tundēbantur
	future	tundar	tundēris, tundēre	tundētur	tundēmur	tundēminī	tundentur
	perfect	tūnsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	tūnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	tūnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	tundam	tundās	tundat	tundāmus	tundātis	tundant
	imperfect	tunderem	tunderēs	tunderet	tunderēmus	tunderētis	tunderent
	perfect	tutuderim	tutuderīs	tutuderit	tutuderīmus	tutuderītis	tutuderint
	pluperfect	tutudissem	tutudissēs	tutudisset	tutudissēmus	tutudissētis	tutudissent
passive	present	tundar	tundāris, tundāre	tundātur	tundāmur	tundāminī	tundantur
	imperfect	tunderer	tunderēris, tunderēre	tunderētur	tunderēmur	tunderēminī	tunderentur
	perfect	tūnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	tūnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	tunde	—	—	tundite	—
	future	—	tunditō	tunditō	—	tunditōte	tunduntō
passive	present	—	tundere	—	—	tundiminī	—
	future	—	tunditor	tunditor	—	—	tunduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		tundere	tutudisse	tūnsūrum esse	tundī	tūnsum esse	tūnsum īrī
participles		tundēns	—	tūnsūrus	—	tūnsus	tundendus, tundundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		tundendī	tundendō	tundendum	tundendō	tūnsum	tūnsū

Derived terms

• contundō
• dētundō
• extundō
• obtundō
• pertundō
• retundō

 

Descendants

• Spanish: tundir
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tusāre
  • Portuguese: tosar

Further reading

• “tundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “obtuse”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Spanish

Verb

tundo

1. first-person singular present indicative of tundir