zmiana
See also: zmianą
Kashubian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienic.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editzmiana f
- change, shift (quality of not being the same as before)
- shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers)
- shift (group of workers working at that defined period)
Derived terms
editadjective
adverb
Related terms
editnoun
verbs
Further reading
edit- Stefan Ramułt (1893) “zmjana”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 271
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “zmiana”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
- “zmiana”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienić. First attested in the 16th century.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈzmja.na/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈzmja.na/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ana
- Syllabification: zmia‧na
Noun
editzmiana f
- change, shift (process or result of not being the same as before)
- change (process or result of replacing someone or something)
- shift (time in which a different group of workers start working)
- pierwsza/druga/trzecia zmiana ― first/second/third shift
- shift (workers working at such a time)
- change (set of sheets for sleeping)
- (obsolete, theater) scene (part of a play or musical in which the curtains drop and decorations change)
- Synonym: odsłona
- (obsolete, agriculture) division of a field during crop rotation
Declension
editDeclension of zmiana
Derived terms
editadjective
adverb
noun
Related terms
editadverb
nouns
verbs
Trivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), zmiana is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 80 times in scientific texts, 36 times in news, 68 times in essays, 19 times in fiction, and 6 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 209 times, making it the 265th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]
References
edit- ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “zmiana”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “zmiana”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 777
Further reading
edit- zmiana in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- zmiana in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 554
- zmiana in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmiynić.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editzmiana f (diminutive zmianka or zmiynka)
- change, shift (quality of not being the same as before)
- shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers)
- shift (group of workers working at that defined period)
Related terms
editverbs
Further reading
edit- zmiana in silling.org
Categories:
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian deverbals
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ana
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ana/2 syllables
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian feminine nouns
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish deverbals
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ana
- Rhymes:Polish/ana/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish terms with collocations
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Theater
- pl:Agriculture
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian deverbals
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns